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5.2 Detection and monitoring of pollution

5.2 Detection and monitoring of pollution. D irect methods of monitoring pollution. Air pollution - Measure the acidity of rain water to determine pH Measure CO 2 , CO, or NO x levels in the atmosphere using a gas sensor Measure particulate matter suspended in the atmosphere .

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5.2 Detection and monitoring of pollution

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  1. 5.2 Detection and monitoring of pollution

  2. Direct methods of monitoring pollution • Air pollution - • Measure the acidity of rain water to determine pH • Measure CO2, CO, or NOx levels in the atmosphere using a gas sensor • Measure particulate matter suspended in the atmosphere

  3. Direct methods of monitoring pollution • Soil pollution • Test for nitrates and phosphates (Using LaMotte test kits)

  4. Direct methods of monitoring pollution • Water pollution • nitrate and phosphate tests • fecal coliform tests • tests for heavy metals (Hg, Pb, As)

  5. BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) • BOD is the amount of oxygen required to support respiration by organisms living in a water sample. • high BOD indicates there are many organisms using oxygen for respiration • low BOD indicates relatively few organisms needing oxygen for respiration • high BOD = low DO levels = high pollutant levels, especially nitrate & phosphate • low BOD = high DO levels = low pollutant levels

  6. Indirect Method: The Biotic Index • A Biotic Index uses the presence or absence of key organisms to indicate the relative level of pollution in a stream. • Indirect method of measuring pollution • Advantage: Easy to use, especially for moderately or heavily polluted sites. • Disadvantages: not specific enough, doesn’t fully account for habitat quality

  7. Pollution Intolerant Semi-Pollution Tolerant Pollution Tolerant

  8. Indicator Species • Species that are present either only in polluted areas or only in unpolluted areas. • Lichens – Not present in air pollution • Rat-tailed maggot and sludge worms – Found only in polluted water • Gammarus - small crustaceans that are not found in high levels of salinity.

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