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Holistic Scheduling and Analysis of Mixed Time/Event-Triggered Distributed Embedded System Traian Pop, Petru Eles, Zebo Peng. EE249 Discussion Paper Review Haiyang Zheng 11/19/2002. Introduction. Embedded systems are usually hard real-time applications.
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Holistic Scheduling and Analysis of Mixed Time/Event-Triggered Distributed Embedded SystemTraian Pop, Petru Eles, Zebo Peng EE249 Discussion Paper Review Haiyang Zheng 11/19/2002
Introduction • Embedded systems are usually hard real-time applications. • Predictable behaviors for safety issues. • Implementation as distributed systems. • The holistic schedulability analysis of tasks and communication scheduling is necessary.
How to schedule? • Two basic approaches for scheduling: • Time-triggered (TT) • Event-triggered (ET) • There is no single best approach. • A mixed solution has more flexibility for potentially efficient and optimized implementations.
Application Model • A task belongs either to the TT or ET domain. • A message belongs either to the static (ST) or the dynamic (DYN) domain. • Each task has a worst case execution time and a deadline. A TT task has a period. An ET task has a unique priority. • All tasks belonging to a task graph have the same period, the period of the task graph. • The period of message is the same as the sender task. DYN messages have priorities.
Holistic Scheduling • Two important aspects: • Interference from the statically scheduled TT tasks and ST messages is considered. • The schedulability of ET tasks and DYN messages has priority. • Assumption: • TT tasks talk with ST messages only and ET tasks talk with DYN messages only.
Fixed Point Solution Schedulability Analysis of ET subsystem
Static Schedule Construction and Holistic Analysis • Schedule the TT tasks in such a position between earliest available time and last available time to reduce the cost. • Schedule the ST messages in the first available bus-slot of the sender node. • Limited backtracking mechanism is used to explore alternative solution.
System optimization • Partition the system functionality into TT and ET activities. • Determine the optimal structure of the bus access cycle.
Conclusion • A holistic scheduling and timing analysis approach for mixed TT/ET system is given. • A static cyclic schedule is constructed in such a way that it fits the schedulability requirements of the ET tasks. • System optimization issues are discussed. • A bus access optimization example is studied and the result is positive.