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Chapter 11.2 – Adaptations and Biomes. (pages 409 - 419 in your text). Organisms Have Adaptations. All organisms have adaptations that enable them to be best suited for certain climates.
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Chapter 11.2 – Adaptations and Biomes (pages 409 - 419 in your text)
Organisms Have Adaptations • All organisms have adaptations that enable them to be best suited for certain climates. • Adaptation – is any characteristic that enables an organism to better survive and reproduce in an environment.
There are three types of adaptations: • Physiological adaptations:those that occur primary inside the organism. • for example: an animal hibernates to escape unfavorable winter conditions)
Structural adaptations:the physical features of an organism. • For example: the long tail of the mountain lion helps the animal to stay balanced when moving through treed areas.
Behavioral adaptations:the things organisms do to survive in some climates. • For example: some caribou herds undergo a 3000 km migration each year in the search for food and safe calving grounds.
Use the information on pages 411-416 to fill in the chart below. Indicate if the adaptations are physiological (P), structural (S) or behavioral (B).TUNDRA
Place these biomes: Tundra Taiga Temperate Deciduous Forest Grassland Desert Tropical Rain Forest
Biomes Are Open Systems • Read the information on page 417 and answer the questions • Question 1. Why is a biome considered to function as a system? • Question 2. Cells and biomes are similar in that both are open systems. • a. Which substances move into and out of a cell during respiration?
b. Give some examples of matter that move into and out of a biome. • c. Chemical energy in the form of glucose coming into animal cells corresponds to the energy input of a cell. Describe the energy input and output of a biome. • d. The boundary of a biome is not necessarily a physical feature. Name the boundary of the cell that controls the movement of matter into and out of the cell.
Chapter 11.3 Biomes Change Naturally (pages 420 - 428 in your text)
Climates Change • The fact that weather conditions change is clear from daily experiences. But you may be surprised to learn that climate itself may be changing too. Some of this evidence comes from fossil records. Additional evidence that has allowed scientists to study climate comes from the distribution of pollen samples in layers of lake sediment and from the growth rings of trees.
Climatologists, scientists that study climate, may also access information stored in ice cores or investigate records of lake levels to draw conclusions about past climates in regions.
Gases trapped in ice cores show the dramatic impact that human activities have had on the planet since the Industrial Revolution. This graph reveals how atmospheric carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxides from coal- and oil-burning power plants, cars, and other fossil-fuel- burning sources have climbed along with the world population, with as yet unknown effects on the climate system.
In April 1986, Russia's nuclear power station at Chernobyl exploded, killing 250 people and sending radioactive fallout around the world. Less than two years later, as the graph indicates, scientists detected Chernobyl radioactivity in snow at the South Pole—a graphic reminder of how small our planet is.
Negative Feedback –describes a situation in which a change in one direction (ie. warming) triggers another condition that reverses the direction of the change (ie. cooling) • example: This negative feedback loop is related to the concentrations of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and water vapour.
Positive Feedback – describes a situation in which a change in one direction (ie. cooling) brings about an even greater change in the same direction (ie. even more cooling) • example: This positive feedback loop is thought to control Earth’s temperature and the subsequent formation of sea ice.
Answer these questions • Question 3. Predict what might happen to the climate in Alberta if Earth’s tilt decreased from 23.5° to 22.3°.
Question 4. List four sources that climatologists use to find information about past climates of a region. • Question 5. Tectonic movement, which results in Earth quakes, is a cause of natural climate change. Is an earthquake a cause of natural climate change?
