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Historia de Solaris

Historia de Solaris. SunOS 1.0 basado en BSD en 1982 SunOS 2.0 sistema de archivos virtual, RPC, NIS y NFS SunOS 4.0 sistema de memoria virtual mejorado SunOS 4.1.3 asymetric multiprocessor Solaris 2.0 VFS 1992 Solaris 2.3 i386 Solaris 7 64-bit. Tareas de básicas de administración.

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Historia de Solaris

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  1. Historia de Solaris • SunOS 1.0 basado en BSD en 1982 • SunOS 2.0 sistema de archivos virtual, RPC, NIS y NFS • SunOS 4.0 sistema de memoria virtual mejorado • SunOS 4.1.3 asymetric multiprocessor • Solaris 2.0 VFS 1992 • Solaris 2.3 i386 • Solaris 7 64-bit

  2. Tareas de básicas de administración • Manejo de usuarios • Manejo de la seguridad del sistema • Uso de los recursos • Configuración de los dispositivos • Instalación del Sistema operativo - parches • Instalación de software adicional • Copias de seguridad

  3. What Are User Accounts and Groups?

  4. /etc/passwd • The fields in the passwd file are separated by colons and contain the following information: username:password:uid:gid:comment: home-directory:login-shell

  5. Default passwd File Entries

  6. Default passwd File root:x:0:1:Super-User:/:/sbin/sh daemon:x:1:1::/: bin:x:2:2::/usr/bin: sys:x:3:3::/: adm:x:4:4:Admin:/var/adm: lp:x:71:8:Line Printer Admin:/usr/spool/lp: uucp:x:5:5:uucp Admin:/usr/lib/uucp: nuucp:x:9:9:uucp Admin:/var/spool/uucppublic:/usr/lib/uucp/uucico listen:x:37:4:Network Admin:/usr/net/nls: nobody:x:60001:60001:Nobody:/: noaccess:x:60002:60002:No Access User:/: nobody4:x:65534:65534:SunOS 4.x Nobody:/:

  7. /etc/shadow • The fields in the shadow file are separated by colons and contain the following information: username:password:lastchg:min:max: warn:inactive:expire

  8. Fields in the shadow File

  9. /etc/group • The fields in the group file are separated by colons and contain the following information: group-name:group-password:gid:user-list

  10. Reserved UID Numbers

  11. Working with user accounts • Add • useradd • Modify • usermod • Del • userdel

  12. Working with group accounts • Add • groupadd • Modify • groupmod • Del • groupdel

  13. Using Large User IDs and Group IDs • Previous Solaris software releases used 32-bit data types to contain the user IDs (UIDs) and group IDs (GIDs), but UIDs and GIDs were constrained to a maximum useful value of 60000. • Starting with the Solaris 2.5.1 release and compatible versions, the limit on UID and GID values has been raised to the maximum value of a signed integer, or 2147483647. • UIDs and GIDs over 60000 do not have full functionality and are incompatible with many Solaris features, so avoid using UIDs or GIDs over 60000.

  14. Passwords • combination of six to eight letters, numbers, or special characters • Good choices for passwords include: • Phrases (beammeup) • Nonsense words made up of the first letters of every word in a phrase (swotrb for SomeWhere Over The RainBow) • Words with numbers or symbols substituted for letters (sn00py for snoopy) • Do not use these choices for passwords: • Your name, forwards, backwards, or jumbled • Names of family members or pets • Car license numbers • Telephone numbers • Social Security numbers • Employee numbers • Names related to a hobby or interest • Seasonal themes, such as Santa in December • Any word in the dictionary

  15. Home Directories • /export/home/username • AutoFS • /home/username

  16. Practice

  17. User's Work Environment • Each login shell has its own user initialization file (or files) • When a user logs in to a system, the user's work environment is determined by initialization files that are defined by the user's startup shell, such as the C, Korn, or Bourne shell

  18. User's Work Environment

  19. Default User Initialization Files

  20. User Initialization Files When the accounts are created with Admintool:

  21. General user’s environment files /etc/motd message-of-the-day /etc/nologin message displayed to users attempting to login during machine shutdown /etc/passwd password file /etc/profile system-wide sh and ksh login commands /etc/shadow list of users' encrypted passwords $HOME/.cshrc initial commands for each csh $HOME/.hushlogin suppresses login messages $HOME/.login user's login commands for csh $HOME/.profile user's login commands for sh and ksh $HOME/.rhosts private list of trusted hostname/username combinations

  22. General files /var/adm/lastlog time of last login /var/adm/utmp accounting /var/adm/wtmp accounting /var/mail/your-name mailbox for user your-name

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