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Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry Explained: Key Concepts from Chemistry

This is an overview of Chapter 4 on aqueous reactions and solution stoichiometry from "Chemistry: The Central Science." Key topics include the behavior of ionic compounds in solution, the different ions present (e.g., K+, CN–, Na+, Cl–), and how concentration affects reaction outcomes. The chapter covers the principles of molarity and the significance of concentration in predicting reaction behavior, including lightbulb experiments demonstrating conductivity. Understanding these concepts is essential for mastering stoichiometric calculations in aqueous solutions.

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Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry Explained: Key Concepts from Chemistry

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  1. Chemistry: The Central Science, 10th edition Theodore L. Brown, H. Eugene LeMay, Jr., and Bruce E. Bursten Chapter 4Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry Todd Austell, The University of North Carolina  2006, Pearson Prentice Hall

  2. a. • KCN(aq) • K+(aq) and CN–(aq) • K–(aq) and CN+(aq) • K+(aq), C4–(aq), and N3+(aq)

  3. a. • KCN(aq) • K+(aq) and CN–(aq) • K–(aq) and CN+(aq) • K+(aq), C4–(aq), and N3+(aq)

  4. b. • NaClO4(aq) • Na+(aq) and 4ClO–(aq) • Na+(aq), Cl–(aq) and 4O2–(aq) • Na+(aq) and ClO4–(aq)

  5. b. • NaClO4(aq) • Na+(aq) and 4ClO–(aq) • Na+(aq), Cl–(aq) and 4O2–(aq) • Na+(aq) and ClO4–(aq)

  6. Cannot determine without concentration information. • Both will cause the lightbulb to glow with equal brightness. • MgBr2 • CH3OH

  7. Cannot determine without concentration information. • Both will cause the lightbulb to glow with equal brightness. • MgBr2 • CH3OH

  8. Cannot determine without concentration information. • HBr • H2SO3 • HC2H3O2

  9. Cannot determine without concentration information. • HBr • H2SO3 • HC2H3O2

  10. H2(g) • CO2(g) • H2S(g) • SO2(g)

  11. H2(g) • CO2(g) • H2S(g) • SO2(g)

  12. a. • Ne • He • Ar • Kr

  13. a. • Ne • He • Ar • Kr

  14. b. • 1+ • 2+ • 0 • 1–

  15. b. • 1+ • 2+ • 0 • 1–

  16. Mg2+(aq) • Ni2+(aq)

  17. Mg2+(aq) • Ni2+(aq)

  18. Concentration (molarity) remains the same. • The new concentration is 0.25 M. • The new concentration is 1.00 M. • The new concentration is 2.00 M.

  19. Concentration (molarity) remains the same. • The new concentration is 0.25 M. • The new concentration is 1.00 M. • The new concentration is 2.00 M.

  20. 12.50 mL • 25.00 mL • 50.00 mL • 75.00 mL

  21. 12.50 mL • 25.00 mL • 50.00 mL • 75.00 mL

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