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Understanding Categorical and Quantitative Variables in Statistics

Welcome back to OMHS! In this session, students will learn to distinguish between categorical and quantitative variables. We study statistics to ensure we are making informed decisions based on reliable data rather than anecdotal evidence. Understanding the types of variables is crucial as they inform us about the characteristics of individuals in a dataset. This lesson covers definitions, the importance of data distribution, and introduces various types of graphical displays. Engage with exercises to enhance your comprehension of these foundational statistics concepts.

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Understanding Categorical and Quantitative Variables in Statistics

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Presentation Transcript

  1. AP Statistics Day 1: Objective: Students will be able to distinguish between categorical and quantitative variables. WELCOME BACK TO OMHS!

  2. We study statistics because… • … anecdotal evidence is not reliable. • … we don’t wish to be lied to. • … spotting trends helps us make good decisions • Simply, we study statistics because we want to make sense of the world.

  3. Introduction to Statistics • Statistics is the science of data. • Any set of data contains information about some group of individuals. • The information is gathered in variables. • A variable is any characteristic of an individual. • Individuals are the objects described by a set of data. (People, animals, things, etc.)

  4. Understanding and Examining Data Questions to ask yourself: • What individuals do the data describe? • How many individuals appear in the data? • How many variables are there? • What are the definitions of each variable

  5. Questions to ask yourself: (cont.) 5) In what units are each variable recorded in? • Is there any reason to mistrust the data? • Why was the data gathered? • What questions do we want to answer? • Do we want to draw conclusions about individuals other than the ones we actually have data for?

  6. Types of Variables • Categorical Variables:record which of several groups or categories an individual belongs to. • Quantitative Variables:take numerical values for which it makes sense to do arithmetic operations like adding and averaging.

  7. Distribution • “The distribution of a variable tells us what values the variable takes and how often it takes these values.” • How distributions differ between categorical and quantitative variables?

  8. Types of Graphical Displays

  9. Class Work • Exercises 1.1 – 1.3 pages 8 – 9 (textbook)

  10. Homework • Read from page 5 (start at Example 1.1) through page 8 (end at Exercises) • Do exercise 1.14 on page 25

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