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Rise of Islam

Rise of Islam. World Studies Mr. Szyzdek. Pre-Islamic Arabia. Before Islam, some Arabs lived as nomadic herders called Bedouins . Two major towns were vital to trade Mecca and Medina were located on caravan routes that linked Arabia to Mediterranean Sea. Mecca was home to the Kabba .

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Rise of Islam

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  1. Rise of Islam World Studies Mr. Szyzdek

  2. Pre-Islamic Arabia • Before Islam, some Arabs lived as nomadic herders called Bedouins. • Two major towns were vital to trade • Mecca and Medina were located on caravan routes that linked Arabia to Mediterranean Sea. • Mecca was home to the Kabba. • Sacred shrine that housed the images of many Arab gods. • “Black Stone”- meteorite that Arabs believed was sent by god.

  3. Mecca and Medina

  4. Muhammad • Born in Mecca in about 570 A.D • Raised by his uncle. • Received a vision from Archangel Gabriel ordering him to “Proclaim”. • Message was not well received by the people of Mecca. • Muhammad and his followers were forced to migrate to Medina. • This migration is better known as Hejira. • Marked the beginning of the expansion of Islam. • First year of the Muslim Calendar

  5. Conquering Mecca • In 630 A.D, Muhammad led his army to conquer Mecca. • Upon his success, he smashed the images of the gods in the Kabba. • Dedicated the “Black Stone” to Allah.

  6. Teachings of Islam • Islam- submission to God. • Basic Message- there is no God but God. Muhammad is the prophet of God. • Koran- sacred text of Islam • Believed to be the exact word of God • Authority on religion, politics, law, economics and social life. • Believed that Moses and Jesus were prophets of God as well. • Allah is the same God of Jews and Christians.

  7. The Five Pillars of Islam • 1st Pillar: Muslims proclaim their belief in one God. • 2nd Pillar: Prayer- pray five times daily in the direction of the Kabba. • 3rd Pillar: Charity to the Poor and Aged. • Zakat- literally means purification. In this instance from greed • Muslims who are financially stable are required to give 2.5% of their yearly earnings to charity.

  8. Five Pillars Cont. • 4th Pillar: Fasting during holy month of Ramadan. • 9th Month in the Muslim calendar. Gabriel spoke to Muhammad. • Cannot eat or drink from dawn to sunset. • 5th Pillar: Hajj • All Muslims who are able must make a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in their life.

  9. Success of Islam • Muhammad had died in the city of Mecca in 632 A.D. • By this time, Islam had spread across the entire Arabic Peninsula. • Why did Islam expand so swiftly? • Unifying beliefs • Believed that soldiers who die in service of Islam get to enjoy paradise • Lure of riches.

  10. The End

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