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Chapter # 1

Chapter # 1. Information System Prepared by: Mazhar Javed Awan. DATA Collection of facts and figures Representation of information Numeric Alphabetic Alphanumeric. INFORMATION Processed and meaningful form of data is information

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Chapter # 1

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  1. Chapter # 1 Information System Prepared by: Mazhar Javed Awan mazharjaved2001@yahoo.com(0333-4461420)

  2. DATA Collection of facts and figures Representation of information Numeric Alphabetic Alphanumeric INFORMATION Processed and meaningful form of data is information Reprocessed data to get more results Data & Information mazharjaved2001@yahoo.com(0333-4461420)

  3. Data Examples • A set of names and addresses written on student’s admission form • A telephone conversation converted to electrical signals to be sent down the wires • A song written in sheet music so that it can be played mazharjaved2001@yahoo.com(0333-4461420)

  4. Information Processing • Is the organization, manipulation and distribution of information • Example: • The sorted data for those students in admission form which have taken computer subject. • Listening the songs • Reading a map from one place to other • What does the number 29061996 mean? • Is it: • A birthday? (29th June 1996) • A bank account number? • A club membership number? • A telephone number? • Without processing or more information this data is meaningless. mazharjaved2001@yahoo.com(0333-4461420)

  5. Data Processing Process Output Input Data Collection mazharjaved2001@yahoo.com(0333-4461420)

  6. Processing Processing has various operations • Calculation • Analysis • Comparison • Manipulation mazharjaved2001@yahoo.com(0333-4461420)

  7. The three stages of doing tasks Input Process Output • Data is put into the information system. (INPUT) • The data is processed. (PROCESS) • Information comes out of the information system. (OUTPUT) mazharjaved2001@yahoo.com(0333-4461420)

  8. Manual information systems • We are all used to using manual information systems. • An example of a manual information system is a telephone directory. mazharjaved2001@yahoo.com(0333-4461420)

  9. Manual information systems • All we need to know to find a person’s telephone number in the telephone book is their name and address. (INPUT) • We look up the name and the address (PROCESS), and we find their telephone number. (OUTPUT) mazharjaved2001@yahoo.com(0333-4461420)

  10. Manual information systems Input Process Output • Have the name and address. (INPUT) • Look up the name and address. (PROCESS) • Find the telephone number. (OUTPUT) mazharjaved2001@yahoo.com(0333-4461420)

  11. Computerised information systems • Computerised information systems have several advantages over manual information systems. • These include: • Greater flexibility • Speed mazharjaved2001@yahoo.com(0333-4461420)

  12. Examples of computerised information systems • DVLA – Driver Vehicle Licensing Authority • The DVLA has a computerised database about every driver and vehicle in the UK. • This database can be used to find information about a vehicle or driver even if the data is incomplete. mazharjaved2001@yahoo.com(0333-4461420)

  13. Advantages of computerised information systems • A single computer can store all the information needed. • By using several terminals different people can access information at the same time. • Information is not duplicated. • Information can be transferred to other computer systems easily. mazharjaved2001@yahoo.com(0333-4461420)

  14. Encoding • To convert information or data into a form ready for processing Example: Information about products is encoded into bar codes which are then printed on products labels. mazharjaved2001@yahoo.com(0333-4461420)

  15. Decoding • To convert data back to a form where it can be understood. Example: On a school data file, the names of the teachers are stored . mazharjaved2001@yahoo.com(0333-4461420)

  16. Data Collection • Bringing together all the data for an application and getting it ready for processing. • In schools there is a admission form that filled completely and send admin back . Their details are typed into a computer via a keyboard. mazharjaved2001@yahoo.com(0333-4461420)

  17. Data Capture • Means obtaining data for a Computer • Term is used in situations where a computer peripheral inputs the data automatically. Example: In examination candidate does a multiple choice test by making a card with pencil in right places. The card is read by a mark sensing device. mazharjaved2001@yahoo.com(0333-4461420)

  18. Information Technology • Uses Computing with high speed communication links to spread information from one place to other. • All types of equipment or programs that are used in processing information • World has become a global village • Information can be communicated in any shape such as • Photographs • Movies • Text • Digital diagrams mazharjaved2001@yahoo.com(0333-4461420)

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