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Invasive Species in the U.S.: Threats, Impacts, and Management

Explore the detrimental effects of invasive species on ecosystems and economies in the United States, with insights on prevention strategies and the role of federal agencies and regional efforts.

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Invasive Species in the U.S.: Threats, Impacts, and Management

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  1. Invasive Species in the United States Julie Elmore Tian Liao Ben Mertz

  2. Invasive • Non-native species with adverse effects on the local ecology • Have ability to spread rapidly • Often without predators or natural controls • Naturalized • Non-native species which does not exhibit obvious adverse effects on the local ecology • I.E.- the common dandelion What is an Invasive Species?

  3. Ecosystem Effects • Threats to native species • 400 Endangered species at risk • Changes in ecosystem functions • Economic Effects • Annual damages of up to $120 Billion • Effect agriculture, forestry, aesthetics, even allergies • Some damages are difficult to measure Why should you care?

  4. Introduction by US Government • Erosion Control • Ex. Rosa multiflora, Kudzu • As control for other invasive species • Lack of policies against introducing species • Dutch Elm Disease • Chestnut Blight • Gypsy moth History

  5. Preventing introductions • Identify potential invasive species, ban import • Control and Eradication • Quarantine zones • Permits for inter-state movement • Species-specific efforts Policies Today

  6. USDA • USFS • APHIS • REE • DoC • NOAA • State Dept. • DOT • USTR • DHS • CBPA • DOI • BIA • BLM • BOR • NPS • FWS • USGS • DOD • EPA • NASA • USAID Alphabet Soup of Federal Agencies

  7. Charged with protecting agricultural crops and forests from disease & pests • Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service • Search/ban imports • Some smuggling interdiction efforts • Conducts inspections of domestic agriculture for diseases and pests • USFS • Primary focus on economically damaging diseases and pests • Conducts research on invasive species control & economic effects U.S. Department of Agriculture

  8. Oversees Endangered Species Act, Wildlife Refuge system • Has authority to list species as “injurious,” banning entry to U.S. without permit • Primarily focused on preserving protected species & habitats U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

  9. NOAA • Marine systems • Great Lakes • DHS • Border enforcement • NASA • Mapping & modeling • USGS • Studies, long-term monitoring • State Department • Negotiate with foreign countries • USAID • International aid, research, collaboration Role of other agencies

  10. NISC • Created 1999 • Tasked with streamlining invasive species efforts • Created Invasive Species Management Plan for 2008-2012 • Defines role of each agency • Sets goals for species management Coordinating Agency Efforts

  11. Focus on specific ecosystems or species • Generally • State Regulation • Ecoregion collaborations • Cooperative Weed Management Area • Land trusts, other local groups • A more comprehensive look at real policy and management efforts Local and Regional Efforts

  12. Zebra Mussels • US Coast Guard requires ballast exchange • Voluntary in 1996, mandatory in 2004 • Asian Carp • Army Corp of Engineers: Electric Barrier in the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal • Michigan et al vUS Army Corp of Engineers Great Lakes

  13. Isolated island ecology makes it extremely vulnerable • Hawai’i Invasive Species Council • Prevention • Management • Education • Research • Resources ($$) • Inspections • Snake sniffing dogs Hawai’i

  14. California • State-wide Council • high number of endemic species • Western US • Multiple sensitive habitats • Important for economic and recreational uses • Florida Everglades • Everglades Forever Act • Water Controls • Numerous other regional efforts • Local non-profits • State management plans Additional Regional Efforts

  15. Invasive Species in the United States • Difficulties • Impossible to touch on all important economic species • Policies are often species-specific • Original article a stub • Only contained links to other articles • Used Australian article as template • Issues • Australian article very long • Broken up by multiple long, bulky tables Designing Wiki Article

  16. Invasive Species in the United States • Difficulties • Impossible to touch on all important economic species • Policies are often species-specific • Original article a stub • Only contained links to other articles • Used Australian article as template • Issues • Australian article very long • Broken up by multiple long, bulky tables Designing Wiki Article

  17. Australian table

  18. Not a complete list of species • Concise table of notorious species • Economic impacts • Brief history • Policy overview • Laws, regulations • Agencies • Examples of policy • Includes regional breakdowns • External links for more information Our Article

  19. Let’s talk about Invasive Species. Aka: Questions?

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