Salt Changes the Freezing Point of Water

1. Salt Changes the Freezing Point of Water Benjamin Harris Sawtooth Middle School PACE 2011 - 2012

2. Problem and Hypothesis • Problem • How does the concentration of salt in water affect its freezing point? • Hypothesis • If the salt concentration in water is increased, then the freezing point of that water will decrease, because salt is used to remove ice on roads during the winter.

3. Outline • Methods • Materials I used and how I performed my experiment • Results • The data I collected during my experiment • Conclusion • What my experiment shows, and why it showed this • Inferences reached based on results

4. Methods • Materials used to perform the experiment • How the experiment was performed • How I recorded the data

5. Results • 0% Salt Solution • Freezing point averaged at the highest temperature, -0.27°C • 3% Salt Solution • Freezing point averaged at the next highest temperature, -3.2°C • 6% Salt Solution • Freezing point averaged at the second lowest temperature, -5.17°C • 12% Salt Solution • Freezing point averaged at the lowest temperature, -11.8°C

6. Salt Water Freezing Points

7. Data Table

8. Salt Water Average Freezing Points

9. Conclusion • Overall results of the experiment • 12% solution froze at the lowest temperature • 0% solution froze at the highest temperature • The more salt added to water, the lower its freezing point • Why did this happen? • Saltwater molecules have a lower freezing point than water • Hypothesis confirmed to be correct • How I should expand upon this research • Testing how different dissolvable substances change the freezing point of water, for a better way to melt ice