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Hydraulic Modeling of Water Distribution Systems

Hydraulic Modeling of Water Distribution Systems. Grady Hillhouse M. Eng. Water Resources Engineering Texas A&M University. Introduction. A large percentage of EWB projects involve water. Many of these project include a transmission or distribution component.

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Hydraulic Modeling of Water Distribution Systems

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  1. Hydraulic Modeling of Water Distribution Systems Grady Hillhouse M. Eng. Water Resources Engineering Texas A&M University

  2. Introduction • A large percentage of EWB projects involve water. • Many of these project include a transmission or distribution component. • A basic understanding of pressure conduit hydraulics is essential when designing water infrastructure. • In situations where solving pipe networks is too complex, modeling becomes necessary.

  3. Outline • Introduction to pressure conduit hydraulics • Introduction to EPA NET • Basics of Modeling • Only an introduction • If you have questions, ask!

  4. Pressure Conduit Hydraulics • Summed up in two equations: constant

  5. Head Loss • Darcy-Weisbach head loss equation

  6. Head Loss (cont.)

  7. Pipe Networks Demand

  8. Solving Pipe Networks • Continuity at nodes

  9. Solving Pipe Networks • Fixed grade node paths

  10. Solving Pipe Networks • Loop Equations

  11. Hydraulic Grade Line • Total energy less velocity head

  12. EPANET • Public domain (free!) • Relatively simple • Uses the gradient method to solve pipe networks for flows and pressures.

  13. Components in Models • Node – junction between other model elements. Can have external demands. • Pipe – convey water between nodes. • Reservoir – infinite source of water with a constant or periodically changing water surface elevation. • Tank – stores water . Water surface is at atmospheric pressure. • Pumps – impart energy to water • Valves – various methods of controlling flow or pressure

  14. Skeletonization • Depending on the complexity of the system you’re modeling, in may benefit you to simplify the model.

  15. What you provide the model • Layout and parameters of infrastructure • Demands • Initial conditions

  16. What the model provides for you • Flow rates in pipes and tanks • Pressures at nodes

  17. Examples

  18. Final Notes • A model is only as good as the input data you provide. • Reference the user’s manual! • Never ask the model to do something you don’t understand. • Always verify results by checking with hand calculations. • Questions?

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