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Learn about tackling traffic congestion using ITS - from ramp metering to incident management & information dissemination.
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Congestion Reduction Using Intelligent Transportation Systems Ben Sperry University of Evansville University of Evansville MESCON March 25, 2006
What is Congestion? • Point where vehicle flow exceeds roadway capacity • Recurring-”Bottlenecks” • Intersection of major highways • Decrease in lanes • Non-recurring • Accidents • Construction zones • Sporting events/concerts • Bad weather MESCON
Sources of Congestion Source: Cambridge Systematics MESCON
Costs of Congestion Source: Texas Transportation Institute MESCON
Congestion and Emissions Source: OSCAR End User Workshop MESCON
Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) • Integrate current technologies to help solve surface transportation problems. • Components called Architecture • Controlled by Transportation Management Center MESCON
Freeway Management Systems MESCON
Traffic Surveillance • Monitors traffic conditions on freeway • Uses cameras or imbedded sensors • Also tracks weather, emergency vehicles • Monitor emissions • Benefits: • Houston-over 21,000 annual delay hours saved • Would have been mitigated with 150 additional miles of lane • Increase vehicle throughput 12-20 percent • B/C ratios between 10:1-12:1 MESCON
Ramp Metering • Controls flow of traffic onto freeway by a gate • Can be fixed or adjusted as conditions warrant • Benefits (Minneapolis-St. Paul): • 25,000 annual hours of travel time • 2.6 million hours of delay saved • Annual emission reduction of 1160 tons • B/C ratio of 15:1 Ramp Meter Source: Washington State DOT MESCON
Lane Management • Use extra lanes on freeway. • Bidirectional • Emergency clearing/storing • HOV/Transit Vehicles • Traffic diversion Source: FHWA MESCON
Incident Management • Reduces the time that accident blocks roadway • Coordinates emergency response to accidents • Incident Response Vehicle • Benefits (emissions reduced in San Francisco): • 77 Tons of CO • 10 Tons of NOx • 7.6 Tons of hydrocarbons Source: AASHTO MESCON
Information Dissemination • Pre-Trip: • Internet, television, “511” info line, radio • Modal choice • Route selection • Travel times • En-Route: • Real time information • Accidents • Changing roadway conditions Source: North Dakota DOT MESCON
ITS Deployment • Currently deployed in over 2400 jurisdictional areas • 50% of freeway miles are monitored • 57% of freeways covered by incident management • 48% of freeways have information disseminated MESCON
SAFETEA-LU • Signed into law August 10, 2005 • Legislative Provisions: • Expanded Transportation Monitoring • HOV Lane Guidelines • Funding Allocations • $550 Million for ITS Research • $8.5 Billion for CMAQ Program Source: US House of Representatives MESCON