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Causes of Industrialization

Causes of Industrialization. Factors of Production. Factors of Production. The elements that must be present for a country to be a successful industrial nation. Factor/ Cause #1. Natural Resources/ Raw Materials Water Timber Coal Oil Copper. US had an abundance of raw materials

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Causes of Industrialization

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  1. Causes of Industrialization Factors of Production

  2. Factors of Production • The elements that must be present for a country to be a successful industrial nation

  3. Factor/ Cause #1 • Natural Resources/ Raw Materials • Water • Timber • Coal • Oil • Copper

  4. US had an abundance of raw materials • Allowed us to obtain them cheaply • Settlement of west helped accelerate industrialization • New resource, petroleum, was used for fuel • In 1859, Edwin Drake drilled first oil well near Titusville, PA

  5. Factor/ Cause #2 • Entrepreneurs and Inventions • Came up with new inventions • Inventions helped increase productivity and improved transportation and communication • Inventions led to new corporation providing new jobs and wealth

  6. Inventors • Alexander Graham Bell and the Telephone • Edison and Electricity • Created research lab and held more than 1000 patents when he died • Edison electric powered NYC • Several of his companies formed what is now GE • George Westinghouse and Electricity • Invented air brake system for railroads allowing trains to travel faster • His company was first to use hydroelectric power of Niagara Falls to generate electricity for street cars

  7. Factor/ Cause #3 • Capital – • land • Factories • machines • money

  8. Factor/ Cause # 4 • Labor • Large workforce fueled by immigration and large families • 1860-1910 – population tripled in US • Created greater demand for consumer goods

  9. Factor/ Cause # 5 • Transportation • Streetcars, subways, automobiles • Railroad • Pacific Railway Act provided construction of railroad by two companies • Union Pacific pushed west from Nebraska • Central Pacific pushed east with 10,000 workers from China due to labor shortage in California • After 4 years companies met at Promontory Summit, Utah to complete transcontinental railroad

  10. Railway Significance • Promoted trade • unite Americans in different regions • Provided jobs • sped up Western settlement • set up standard time to provide train safety • factories could send out product faster to more people

  11. Factor/ Cause # 6 • Markets • Places to sell product • Late 1800s - Free Enterprise Market • Laissez- faire gov’t not interfere with economy • Rely on supply and demand to regulate prices and wages • Supporters claimed free markets with competing companies leads to greater efficiency and creates more wealth for all

  12. # 6 continued • Gov’t Role during late 1800s • High tariffs set to protect American industry from foreign competition • Problem: Europe raises their tariff thus keeping us from selling our goods there • Subsidies to companies like railroad

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