Zoology/Animal Science Intro

1. Zoology/Animal Science Intro

2. Getting to Know You • Name • Birthdate • Favorite Book • Favorite Movie • Favorite Cartoon Character • Favorite Farm Animal • Favorite Animal • Parent’s Occupation • Why did you take Zoology? • What do you hope to learn?

3. Syllabus • Upon the completion of this course, students will be able to: • Identify the major livestock types and breeds • Learn to determine the difference between animal rights and animal welfare • Acknowledge and respect the importance of animals in agriculture • Determine possible careers within the animal science world • Recognize how animal science has changed throughout time • Apply lessons learned into everyday life • There is something you should know; I am passionate about all things ag related and especially dairy!! That was your warning…my promise to you is that when you leave this class you will feel differently about agriculture.

4. Classroom Management • Come to class prepared. Bring Notebook, writing utensil, any assignments and brain! • Come to class on time. The school policy will be followed regarding tardies. • If you are not in class 15 minutes after class starts you will be marked absent. IF I change it you will be tardy. They add up! • Come to class. There is a lot of in-class work in this course. If you are not here, it is hard to make up. Make sure absences are excused and be here otherwise. • School policy will be followed on attendance and truancies. • You will be allowed 2 school days to make up an assignment for every day that is an EXCUSED absence. It is your responsibility to talk to me about any missed work. I will NOT come after you. • Be respectful. Be courteous and thoughtful of others as related to personal space, belongings and people; teachers and students. • Students who maintain a 92% or above for the semester with no unexcused absences will NOT have to take the semester final.

5. Make good choices. Everyone make mistakes, but try to limit your number. Think before you act and life will be easier for all of us in the class. • No hats in class. This applies to both boys and girls. • No Swearing • No electronic devices. • Accept the consequences. I would like this class to be a lot of hands-on working in class time. This is possible only if people cooperate. If you make a bad decision, accept the consequences and move on. If you make good decisions, we will have a lot of fun doing projects in this class.

6. Requirements • A three-ring notebook is required for this course. Notebooks will be graded one Friday each month. Students need to have dividers labeled “Notes, Journals, Tests/Quizzes. Folders and spiral notebooks are NOT acceptable. • Notebooks must be organized in chronological order and will be graded on neatness and completeness. Syllabus and Classroom Management Contract MUST be first pages of notebook. • Three to Five page Research Paper. Topic due: Sept 24, Outline due: Oct 22, Rough Draft Due: Nov 19, Final paper due: Dec 10. • Assignments: • Papers are due by 3pm ON due date. For every day late 5 points will be deducted from total score.

7. Things we will do: • Every day there will be three to four questions on the board. Look at them and answer the questions fully in your notebook under journal. These will be trivia questions, review, preview or information questions. When your notebook is graded answering these questions will be part of your grade. • Every Friday we have class we will do a current event reading. Could be an article, web search or movie. You will read/watch the information and then answer questions on it. The questions will be as follows: What is the title of the article? What is the article about? What type of ag is it about: livestock, production, manufacturing, research? What are three questions you have about the article? What would you do different if you had a chance? What was your opinion of the article as a whole? You will be graded on how much effort you put into your writing.

8. FFA Information • Looking for new members • Dues: $25 Paid by end of September will be guaranteed a t-shirt • Welcome Back BBQ: Sept. 4, 5:30-7. Bring your parents. Get extra credit. • First Chapter Meeting: September 11 at 6. Meetings on 3rd Thursday of each month at 6. • Look at FFA Board for schedule of events • Benefits: Self-Confidence, friends, trips, fun, college credits • School Website and Facebook • Shop Open 7-4 most days (Includes Computer) • Vending Machine • Building and grounds WILL be treated with respect

9. What is Animal Science? • The study of the biology of animals that are under the control of mankind. • Livestock Animals: Mammals produced on farms and ranches for food and other purposes. • Beef Cows Llamas • Dairy Cows Bison • Horses Elk • Poultry Deer • Sheep • Goats

10. Companion Animals: An animal that is used to provide humans with fun and friendship through close association. Often called pets. • Dogs • Cats • Birds • Exotics Service Animals: Animals that assist people in living and work. • Dogs help blind and deaf people. • Police dogs are used or investigation and forensics • Diabetic alert dogs • Research animals

11. Dairy Cows: Idaho-581,000 and US-9,208,400 • Top Ten Countries: • India 44,900,000 • Brazil 23,229,193 • China 12,297,297 • Ethiopia 10,676,783 • Pakistan 9,444,000 • United States 9,198,000 • Russia 8,136,896 • Sudan 7,518,000 • Tanzania 6,900,000 • Kenya 5,545,000

12. Beef Cows: 2,220,000 and US 87,730,000 • Five Top States: • 1. Texas 10,900,000 • 2. Nebraska 6,150,000 • 3. Kansas 5,800,000 • 4. California 5,250,000 • 5. Oklahoma 4,300,000 • 13. Idaho 2,200,000 • Sheep • Top Ten States: • 1. Texas 650,000 • 2. California 570,000 • 3. Colorado 460,000 • 4. Wyoming 370,000 • 5. Utah 305,000 • 6. S. Dakota 285,000 • 7. Idaho 240,000 • 8. Montana 225,000 • Oregon 200,000 • Iowa 195,000

13. Pigs: US #3 at 62.1 Million (China and Brazil) • 1. Iowa 19,200,000 • 2. N. Carolina 7,900,000 • 3. Minnesota 7,700,000 • Turkeys • Top Three States: • 1. Minnesota • 2. Arkansas • 3. N. Carolina • Laying Chickens • Three Top Egg States: • 1. Iowa • 2. Ohio • 3. Indiana • Meat Chickens • Top Three States: • 1. Gerogia 1,222,366,000 • 2. Alabama 1,002,979,000 • 3. Arkansas 878,819,000

14. Idaho Ag Stats • Idaho Covers 82,751 square miles or 52,960,640 acres • 11,497,383 acres are currently in agriculture production (22%) • Idaho produces 185 different commodities • Commodities: a raw material or primary agricultural product that can be bought and sold. • Idaho ranks top ten for 25 different crops. • Cash receipts for 2011 were $7, 328,332-a record breaking year • Dairy industry leads in cash receipts • Food/beverage processing is 2nd largest manufacturing sector • Idaho grows 70% of hybrid temp sweet corn seed in world • Rank High: alfalfa, field bean, Kentucky Bluegrass • Also produce: carrot, onion, turnip, lettuce • 1600 acres of vineyards and 50 wineries

15. What do you know? • How many types of dairy cows can you name? • What is the color of the most popular dairy cow? • Pigs make what famous type of meat? • What other meat comes from a pig? • Baby sheep are called what? • Can you name any types of beef cows? • Angus are what color? • Chickens are divided into two categories; what are they? • How many cuts of meat can you name? • What is wheat used to make? • What is Idaho’s number one crop? • What are sugar beets used for? • Is there milk in yogurt? • Does a cow have to be pregnant to produce milk? • How many baby piglets does a pig have in one litter? • What is an orchard? • How many times can you harvest a hay field in one year?

16. Brown Swiss

17. Dairy Cows Jersey Largest Breed in US 90% of dairies in US Originated in the Netherlands Arrived in US in 1852 Known for large amount of milk produced Ave. 10 gallons/day Ave. Height: 58 inches Ave. Weight: 1500 lbs Color: B/W or R/W Brown Swiss Holstein Second largest Breed in US One of the oldest breeds Believed to be from British Island of Jersey Known for unusual high amounts of butterfat 18% more protein 20% more calcium 25% more butterfat Ave. Height: 48 inches Ave. Weight: 800-1000 lbs Color: tan with dark nose Oldest Dairy Breed in US Originated in Switzerland Arrived in US in 1869 Hardy in hot/cold weather Produces high amount of milk. High components Able to produce milk till age 15 Ave. Height: 55 inches Ave. Weight: 1200-1500 lbs • Color: Brown-Grey

18. Jersey Cow

19. Holstein

20. Brahma Beef

21. Beef Cows Angus Originated in England Horned and polled Known for longevity Very docile Ease of calving Good milkers Very maternal Very lean, red meat Brahman Hereford Most popular breed in US Medium size Naturally hornless (polled) Good mothers Develop early Ease of fleshing Good milk production Excellent marbling Red Angus-most popular bull selected for artificial insemination Originated in India Tolerant of extreme temps Docile Medium in size Resistant to pest, parasites and diseases Secretes an oil that repels insects

22. Angus Beef

23. Hereford Beef

24. Yorkshire Pig

25. Swine (Pigs) Duroc Originated in Wessex, England Arrived in US 1825-35 Oldest breed in the US Heavily muscled lean meat Black with white belt/stripe around front legs and belly Yorkshire Hampshire Originated in New York State Crossbreeding in 1890 Second most popular breed in US Quick growth and maturity Great Disposition Sweet meat, marbling, spareribs and shoulders Solid red color Most common breed in US Originated in England, County of York Arrived in US in 1830 Very durable and muscular Very lean meat and low backfat Completely white or pinkish

26. Duroc Pigs

27. Hampshire

28. Lincoln Sheep

29. Sheep Merino Most popular breed in US 50% of registrations Medium quality wool Bred mostly for meat Easy lambing Good milk production Strong big sheep Ave. 180-250lbs Lincoln Suffolk Originated in Spain Spread throughout world in 1800’s Known for having the finest wool in world Very hardy and adaptable Ave 125-180lbs Originated in England Came to US 1890 Bred and used for wool production Long wool Course and heavy Calm and gentle disposition

30. Common Farm Animals Merino Sheep

31. Suffolk Sheep

32. Saanen Goats

33. Goats Alpine Mix of English/African/Indian Medium build at 30 inches tall All purpose goat-milk, meat and hide Low volume of milk High butterfat at 4-5% butterfat Saanen Swiss Nubian Originated in French Alps Medium build at 30 inches Known for high milk production and quality of milk 2 gallons/day 3.5% butterfat High adaptability and hearty Most popular breed in US Largest of the breed at 30-35 inches tall Top milk producer 2-3 gallons a day High protein and butterfat-2-3%

34. Alpine Goats

35. Nubian

36. Arabian Horse

37. Horses American Quarter Originated in Spain Indian’s choice Easy going Friendly and intelligent Distinctive coloring Arabian Paint Brought in by the Spanish Small sturdy horse built to work Intelligent and nimble Quick with a natural cow instinct The cowboy’s choice Originated in Arabia Compact body Good at everything Quick learners Alert and sensitive One less vertebrae Must be 100% bloodline

38. American Quarter Horse

39. Paint Horse

40. Poultry • General Facts: • US produces 50B eggs/year • 8 Billion chickens are consumed each year • Indiana ranks #1 in commercial duck productive • In 1960 egg production was 160/chicken/year • In 2009 average egg production was 360/chicken/year • 21 days for chicks to hatch • 28 days for turkeys and ducks to hatch • 20 weeks till egg laying • 4lbs of feed=12 eggs • 1.9lbs of feed=1lb gained • Turkeys are only poultry native to Western Hemisphere • 45M turkeys eaten in US at Thanksgiving • 3.7B in Annual turkey sales

41. Jersey Giant Not grown commercially. 11-13lbs. Dual purpose. Meat Chickens or Broilers 4-5lbs Cornish Cross-4lbs In 7-8 wks. Broad Breast, legs and thighs Delaware 6.5-8.5lbs. Calm and friendly Lays jumbo eggs. Dorking Tender flesh with Meaty breast and wings Productive in winter. Buckeye-developed by a woman. Very active and dual purpose Medium eggs-Ave. 6.5-9lbs.

42. Egg Chickens-Layers (20 wks) Rhode Island Red- Good dual purpose. High producers-heavy And aggressive. Leghorn-Best egg Layer (300/yr) Extra-large Buff Orpington-Large Brown eggs. Friendly, Docile and hardy. Black Star-Large brown Eggs. Easy to breed and Raise. Hybrid The Easter Chicken Lays various colors Medium eggs. Good Pets.

43. Turkey Broad Breasted Bronze Popular family raised. Quick grower at 21-29lbs In 20 weeks. Black Spanish Popular show Turkey. Smaller and Fancy. 14-23lbs Most common commerically Grown. Thanksgiving Turkey 22-34lbs in 20 wks

44. Ducks Pekin Duck-Popular and quick Process in 7-8 wks. Large eggs Raised for meat, eggs and down. Muscovy Duck. Do not quack Dual purpose Aylesbury Duck General growing rate and Dual purpose.

45. Specialty Animals • Other poultry grown: Emus, Ostrich, Swans, Pigeons and Hawks • Aquaculture: the raising of fish, shellfish, other aquatic animals and plants under controlled conditions. • Alligator-meat and leather • Catfish-food • Trout-food and sport • Oyster-Pearls and food • Shrimp, crab and lobster-food • Alternative animals: Raised mostly for food and pelts • Rabbits-Meat and fur • Mink-Fur • Llama and Alpacas-wool • Ratites-Group of flightless birds • Ostrich, emus, rhea, cassowary and kiwi • Raised for eggs, leather, feathers, meat and cosmetic oil • Bison-Meat • Deer/Elk-sport and food

46. What are the functions of livestock animals? • Livestock converts feed grains and roughages into human food. • Roughage: Feed that is bulky. High in fiber and low in energy • Ruminants=animals that have a stomach that is divided into several compartments. • Tylopoda-3 compartment stomachs (camels, llamas, alpacas) • Pecora-4 compartment stomachs (cattle, sheep, goats, deer) The food conversion of waste feeds by animals allows products that would otherwise not be useful to humans; to be consumed as healthy, nutritious food. 80% of beef animal feeds are roughages that are waste feeds that cannot be used by humans. 80% of human population gets most of its protein, fats, iron, niacin and some vitamins come from ruminant animals. Food products from ruminants provide about 45% of protein, 32% of fat, 50% of phosphorus and 77% of the calicium found in the diets of people living in the US. All animal products produce 35% of energy, 68% of protein, 78%of calcium, 39% of iron, 42% of vitamin A and 37-98% of various B vitamins needed for human consumption.

47. Clothing--5-10% of market value comes from hides • Real leather is better then synthetic-breathes better, durable and warmer • Cotton consumption has remained constant • Power--Alternative sources. Used in other countries • Digesters • Burning • Methane gas-Average US farm electrical, cooking and heating needs met by 40 cows. • Recreation--Riding, racing, pack animals, • Conservation • Livestock help to conserve soil • Some feeds are soil-conserving crops • Nutrients for crops • Animal manure as fuel source-8-12% of population • Stabilize Farm economy—Increases sources of farm income • Products—meat, milk, grains, fruits, nuts

48. Functions continued… • By-products—Any product from the animal carcass, other than meat. • Fat by-products (gum and candy) • Hooves, horns, bones (gelatin=Jello, marshmallows) • Hides (leather, clothing, belts, shoes, purses, furniture, drum heads, sports equipment) • In-edible fats (cosmetics, waxes, soap, lubricants) • Bones, hooves, horns (Glue, bone china, sandpaper, dice, piano keys, wallpaper, toothbrushes) • Hair (Brushes, rug padding, house insulation, upholstery) • Ear hair (artist paint brushes)

49. Medicine • Insulin—pancreas (diabetes) • Cortisone—adrenal glands (arthritis, adrenal insufficiency, allergies, diseases of the connective tissues, gout) • Thrombin—blood (coagulant) • Heparin—lungs (prevent blood clotting, heart attacks) • Epinephrine—adrenal glands (allergies, asthma) • Rennet—cattle stomach (cheese making, help babies digest milk. • Corticotropin—pituitary glands (breathing issues, severe allergies, mononucleosis, leukemia) • Misc. pieces and parts • Perfumes, fertilizers, candles, lanolin, gylcerine

50. Careers in Agriculture • Farming/Ranching • Owner/Manager • Foreman • Herdsman • Research • Production • Processing • Marketing • New equipment and use • Industry • Food Processing • Pesticides and Herbicides • Feed Manufacturing • Dairy Processing