1 / 79

Grid Management Presentation by Er. Suneel Grover

This presentation provides an overview of grid management, including definitions, grid standards, reliability, and power system security. It covers topics such as power flow characteristics, time and location considerations, and the importance of reliability and security in grid operations.

teresabarnett
Télécharger la présentation

Grid Management Presentation by Er. Suneel Grover

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. A Presentation on Grid Management Presented By: Er.Suneel Grover Dated : 22nd February, 2008 Power Controller, HPSEB

  2. Grid ManagementDefinitions as per the Electricity Act-2003 • (2)“Electricity System” means a system under the control of a generating company or licensee, as the case may be having one or more… • generating stations; or • transmission lines; or • electric lines and sub stations and when used in the context of the State or Union, the entire electricity system within the territories thereof;

  3. Grid ManagementDefinitions as per the Electricity Act-2003 (50)“Power System” means all aspects of generation, transmission, distribution and supply of electricity & includes one or more of the following namely; • generating stations; • transmission or main transmission lines; • sub-stations; • tie-lines; • load dispatch activities; • mains or distribution mains; • electric supply lines; • overhead lines; • service lines; • works;

  4. Grid ManagementDefinitions as per the Electricity Act-2003 • “Grid” means the high voltage backbone system of interconnected transmission lines, sub-station and generating plants. • “Grid Code”means a Grid Code specified by the Central Commission, under clause (h) of sub-section 1 of Section 79 Sub-section 1 of Section 79 “Extracts” 1 (h) to specify Grid Code having regard to Grid standards. (i) to specify and enforce the standards with reference to quality, continuity & reliability of service by licensee.

  5. Grid ManagementDefinitions as per the Electricity Act-2003 • “Grid Standards” means the Grid Standards specified under Clause (d) of Section 73 by the Authority; Section 73(d) (d) specify the Grid Standards for operation and maintenance of transmission line.

  6. Grid ManagementDefinitions as per the Electricity Act-2003 (65)“State Grid Code” means the State Grid Code specified under clause (h) of sub-section (1) of section86;

  7. Grid ManagementDefinitions as per the Electricity Act-2003 Clause 86 sub-section 1 (1)(h) specify State Grid Code consistent with Grid Code specified under clause (h) of sub-section 1 of section 79.

  8. Grid ManagementDefinitions as per the Electricity Act-2003 • “sub-station” means a station for transforming or converting electricity for the transmission or distribution thereof and includes transformers, converters, switchgears, capacitors, synchronous condensers, structures, cable and other appurtenant equipment and any buildings used for that purpose and the site thereof;

  9. Grid ManagementDefinitions as per the Electricity Act-2003 • “transmission lines” means all high pressure cables and overhead lines (not being an essential part of the distribution system of a licensee) transmitting electricity from a generating station to another generating station or a sub-station, together with any step-up and step-down transformers, switch-gear and other works necessary to and used for the control of such cables or overhead lines, and such buildings or part thereof as may be required to accommodate such transformers, switch-gear and other works.

  10. Electricity - A scientific phenomenon • EMF travels at the speed of light • Available ‘just-in-time’ • Delivered to the customers fresh • No one get placed on hold • Impartial in its benevolence and wrath • Good servant but a ruthless master Grid operation is a continuous interplay of technical phenomena and natural/ human intervention

  11. Power flow characteristics • Is directional • Does not recognize geographical boundaries, asset ownership • Does not check the map to determine the shortest route • Flows are dictated purely by • Impedances of the transmission lines • Point of injection by generators • Point of consumption loads “Time & Location matter is fundamental to operation” -Shmuel Oren & Fernando Alvarado

  12. Capability of a chain of parallel and series elements would depend on the weakest link in a series • Anchoring at intermediate points and their strength would affect the strength of the whole chain. • Power system is also a chain of series and parallel elements with added complexity that strength of various links change dynamically and depend on each other also.

  13. Reliability • Is a general term encompassing all the measures of the ability of the system generally given as numerical indices to deliver electricity to all points of utilization within acceptable standards and in the amounts desired • CIGRE • Comprises of “Adequacy” and “Security”

  14. Reliability • Security • Power system ability to withstand sudden disturbances. {system shall remain stable and integrated} • Adequacy • Capability of the power system to supply the load in all the steady states in which the powersystem exists considering standard conditions. • Generation • Transmission Source: CIGRE Reports on Power System Reliability Analysis (1987, 1992)

  15. Security

  16. Hierarchical Power System Security analysis

  17. Stability • Angle Stability • ability of interconnected synchronous machines of power system to remain in synchronism under normal operating conditions and after subjected to a disturbance • Small signal, Transient, Mid term, long term • Voltage Stability • ability of a power system to maintain steady acceptable voltages at all buses in the system under normal operating conditions and after subjected to a disturbance

  18. Which one is a stable system? System-1 System-2

  19. Power System in India • Electricity is a concurrent subject • Both State and Central Govt. responsible for development & management of this sector • State Electricity Boards (SEBs)/STU responsible for development of intra-state transmission system • POWERGRID – the Central Transmission Utility for development of inter-state & inter-regional system • Power distribution responsibility is with State Govt. and Private owned utilities • 3 levels for Grid management system namely State, Regional & National

  20. Hierarchy of Indian Power System

  21. NATIONAL POWER SCENARIOInstalled Capacity in 1947 1,300 MWInstalled Capacity as on 31.08.2007 1,35,000MW Demand Estimates (FY2012) 16th EPS* Energy Demand (Billion Units) 750 Peak Demand 155,000 Installed Capacity required to 195,000 meet peak demand (MW) Additional Capacity Required (MW) 71,000 • Present Energy Shortage 8.2% • Peak Demand Shortfall 13% * Energy Survey by GOI

  22. Present Power Scenario All figs. in GW Installed Capacity (IC)– 135 GW IC-36.6 PD- 32.3 IC-2.5 PD- 1.6 Peak Demand (PD)– 107 GW IC-40.5 PD-36.4 IC-17.6 PD- 11.1 Growth rate – 8-9% per annum IC-38.2 PD- 25.7

  23. Synchronous Grid interconnecting four(4) regions of 90 GW capacity geographically spread over 2.6 million sq. kms. South(SR) is asynchronously connected Transmission Grid$ (as on 30th September 2007) 765 kV / 400 kV Lines - 82089 ckt. km 220 kV Lines – 116745 ckt. km HVDC Bipole (3 nos.) - 2389 ckt. Km, 5 GW HVDC back-to-back - 7 nos., 3 GW FSC – 18 nos.; TCSC – 6 nos. Inter-regional capacity – More than 16 GW $source: CEA, India Transmission Network

  24. Development of Electric Grid National Regional State Local 1950’s 1960’s 1970’s 1990’s

  25. Energy Resources • Geographically spread unevenly dispersed pocketed energy resources • Hydro in NER & NR • Coal in ER • Integration of energy resources through high capacity National Grid with a motto - ONE NATION- ONE GRID

  26. Installed Capacity & Inter Regional links

  27. Synchronous Operation of ER & NER

  28. Synchronous Operation of ER + NER & WR

  29. Synchronous Operation of ER + NER + WR & NR

  30. Inter-regional capacity : 16.2 GW National Grid - Present

  31. Geographical Map Geographical Map

  32. Zones and Flowgates in Northern Grid

  33. HPSEB-Taking Power to people Existing Power System • Installed Capacity 460 MW • Villages Electrified 16915 Nos • Hamlets Electrified 4482 • Consumer Connected 17.56 Lacs • Connected Load 3531300 KW

  34. HPSEB-Taking Power to people Existing Power System • EHV Station 35Nos. • Distribution Sub Stns. 18255Nos. • H.T.Lines 28012Kms • L.T.Lines 50435 Kms A State Load Dispatch Centre with Latest State of Art has been established to have online control and transaction of Electricity • Minimum fatal/non-fatal accidents • Minimum Transformer failure

  35. Role of NRLDC/SLDC’s • Established state of the art Northern Region Load Dispatch Centre and State Load Dispatch centers to effectively manage the Northern Grid. • National Load Despatch Centre shall be commissioned shortly • Implemented Open Access in non-discriminatory and transparent manner • Maintaining system availability above 99%, that too with limited redundancy

  36. Role of Himachal Pradesh State Load Dispatch Centre Himachal Pradesh State Load Dispatch Center is ensuring integrated operation of the power system of the HPState with the Northern Region Load Dispatch Center of India. The main responsibilities of HPSLDC are: • Management, Monitoring & Control of power system parameters and security etc. • To ensure the integrated operation of the power system of HP State Grid with Northern/NEW Grid. • System studies, planning and contingency analysis. • Analysis of tripping/disturbances and facilitating immediate remedial measures. • Issuance of Day Ahead Schedules/Dispatches w.r.t demand of loads, generations etc. and operational planning/control. • Facilitating bilateral exchanges. • Computation of energy dispatch and drawal values using SEMs. • Augmentation of telemetry, computing and communication facilities.

  37. Critical Grid Incident – An Example 27th January, 2007

  38. Critical Corridor In Northern Region Central UP to western part is a critical corridor having the following lines: • HVDC Rihand-Dadri Pole-I • HVDC Rihand-Dadri Pole-II • 400 kV Kanpur-Agra • 400 kV Kanpur-Ballabgarh • 400 kV Kanpur-Auraiya D/C • 400 kV Allahabad-Mainpuri-Ballabgarh-I • 400 kV Allahabad-Mainpuri-Ballabgarh-II • 400 kV Lucknow-Moradabad • 400 kV Panki-Muradnagar • 400 kV Unnao-Agra • 400 kV Unnao-Bareilly-I • 400 kV Unnao-Bareilly-II • 220 kV Kanpur/Panki-Mainpuri D/C Probability of all lines available is only 72.3% going by the target availability as per CERC (95% for HVDC and 98% for AC lines)

  39. Fog on 27th January 2007

  40. Incidenton 27th January 2007 • Heavy Fog in North West India (rail, road, air traffic) • Tripping/Auto Reclosure started from 0300 Hrs. • Maximum impact in Delhi, Western UP and Haryana areas. • Most critical period between 0745 Hrs to 1130 Hrs. • Max 53 (400 & 220kV) lines were out at 0812 Hrs. • Western UP/Uttaranchal (approx 1200 MW load) area was being fed through 400 kV Agra-Muradnagar and 400 kV Lucknow- Moradabad lines only for more than 2 hours.

More Related