Sample question: how have these lines been made vivid?

1. Sample question: how have these lines been made vivid?

2. Sample question: how have these lines been made vivid? • Choose some words • Write the words • Write (what they mean) • Say why they stand out PUPIL ONE: “Line 4 makes Charon seem horrible as he starts being aggressive when Aeneas and the Sibyl haven’t done anything to him.” BAD: no indication of what line 4 means

3. Sample question: how have these lines been made vivid? • Choose some words • Write the words • Write (what they mean) • Say why they stand out PUPIL TWO: “’nostra ad flumina’ meaning ‘to our river’ on line 5 stands out because of the elision of ‘nostra ad’. This makes it sound as if it is flowing like a river.” OK, but who is speaking, why are they so possessive about the river?

4. Sample question: how have these lines been made vivid? • Choose some words • Write the words • Write (what they mean) • Say why they stand out PUPIL THREE: “’iter inceptum’ meaning ‘begin the journey’ sounds like the beat of someone’s steps because of the alliterative sound.” inexact meaning of 'iter inceptum' - the journey (having been) begun and who is on a journey? why 'someone'?

5. Sample question: how have these lines been made vivid? • Choose some words • Write the words • Write (what they mean) • Say why they stand out PUPIL FOUR: “The words ‘iter inceptum’ meaning ‘began the journey’ both beginning with the letter i – alliteration and are both right next to each other making them stand out even further” inexact meaning of 'iter inceptum' - the journey (having been) begun and who is on a journey?

6. Sample question: how have these lines been made vivid? • Choose some words • Write the words • Write (what they mean) • Say why they stand out PUPIL FIVE: “The first line is also end-stopped meaning the line can be read in its own and still make sense.” and what is that sense?

7. Sample question: how have these lines been made vivid? • Choose some words • Write the words • Write (what they mean) • Say why they stand out PUPIL SIX: “He (Virgil) has also used alliteration later on in the passage, namely ‘iam inde’ and ‘iam instinc’” which mean...? and what is the effect of the alliteration?

8. Sample question: how have these lines been made vivid? • Choose some words • Write the words • Write (what they mean) • Say why they stand out PUPIL SEVEN: “’quisquis es’ is a very sharp sounding phrase and this is reflected when you read it. It means ‘who are you?’ and Charon says this with a sharp feeling of distrust and a slight fear.” BAD: mistranslation of 'quisquis es' and complete waffle about the mistrust and fear you are not writing a novel. GIVE EVIDENCE FROM THE LATIN

9. Sample question: how have these lines been made vivid? • Choose some words • Write the words • Write (what they mean) • Say why they stand out PUPIL EIGHT: “Virgil’s use of alliteration initially, ‘iter inceptum’, adds to the effect that what this first passage is about is ‘the journey begun.’ good except that these are only the first lines of this particular extract

10. Sample question: how have these lines been made vivid? • Choose some words • Write the words • Write (what they mean) • Say why they stand out SPOT ON: - RESPECT!!!! PUPIL NINE: “The words ‘navita’ and ‘quos’ or ‘the sailor’ and ‘them’ are juxtaposed in such a way that it makes the listener wonder what is the relation between them. This suspense is preserved until the word ‘prospexit’ or ‘saw far off’ and the fact that the verb ‘saw far off’ is so far away from the subject ‘the sailor’ and the object ‘them’ is a physical representation of how far away the sailor is from Aeneas and the Sibyl.”

11. Sample question: how have these lines been made vivid? • Choose some words • Write the words • Write (what they mean) • Say why they stand out PUPIL TEN: “The phrase ‘per tacitum nemus’ of ‘through the silent grove’ forces the reader to speak softly, thus the sound of the speech portrays the silence of the grove and this adds to a sense of stillness.” I like this: but perhaps indicate the dactylic nature of 'tacitum' ie first two syllables short (stepping gingerly?)

12. Sample question: how have these lines been made vivid? • Choose some words • Write the words • Write (what they mean) • Say why they stand out PUPIL TEN (cont.): “This tranquillity is contrasted sharply however With Charon’s aggressive diction in ‘sic prior adgreditur dictis atque increpat ultro’ or ‘thus, he is the first to challenge with words and rebukes on his (Charon’s) own accord. The aggressiveness Of this action is emphasised because ‘prior adgreditur dictis’ and ‘increpat ultro’ are basically the same action but their juxtaposition creates the sense that only Charon is doing anything in this sentence.” promising but Latin quote too long. you've not said what the two same meanings are

13. Sample question: how have these lines been made vivid? • Choose some words • Write the words • Write (what they mean) • Say why they stand out PUPIL ELEVEN: “in line 6 juxtaposition is used with the words ‘quisquis es’ Also those two words are imperatives which makes it seem more frightening. That line gives Charon a hostile persona because of how he is speaking.” any two words written together are juxtaposed. what is special about these two? start by knowing what they mean!!

14. Sample question: how have these lines been made vivid? • Choose some words • Write the words • Write (what they mean) • Say why they stand out PUPIL TWELVE: “In line 2 at the start are the words ‘per tacitum nemus’, the two words fit well together because of the physical sound. Also in that line ‘pedemque advertere’ elision is used. Throughout all the lines short and sharp words are used to give the violent and shocking effect.” no translations given. what sound is it? the shocking effect is describing what?

15. Sample question: how have these lines been made vivid? • Choose some words • Write the words • Write (what they mean) • Say why they stand out PUPIL THIRTEEN: “In line 5 ‘nostra ad flumina’ fits well together because the physical sound of nostra and ad together makes it seem like one word.” go on to say why this is appropriate ie the words mean 'to the river' and say what the river is doing in our story

16. Sample question: how have these lines been made vivid? • Choose some words • Write the words • Write (what they mean) • Say why they stand out PUPIL FOURTEEN: “When Charon says ‘quisquis es’ it shows He doesn’t care who it is that’s out there. There is lots of Alliteration and assonance throughout this passage’. good comment about 'quisquis es'. though you've not said what it means it is obvious that you know because of the comment. BUT go on to say where the alliteration etc is + how it enhances the st

17. Sample question: how have these lines been made vivid? • Choose some words • Write the words • Write (what they mean) • Say why they stand out and keep writing legible PUPIL FIFTEEN: “Virgil’s use of language in the lines move te events in this passage sto saut from the very beginning with alliterations ‘iter inceptum’ and ‘iam inde’. He also uses terrifying words such as ‘armatus’ armed. It can also be noticed Euson te first sentence he finishes it at the end of the line to bring a rord vivid to the reader. the one item of value here is armatus (armed) being terrifying. don't waste your time writing words which do not say anything valid

18. now hit that exam!