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History of Textiles

History of Textiles. Origins & Shibori Dyeing. Origins of Textiles. Wore animal skins = protection, decoration Developed range of materials for clothing/fabric: Animal skins Animal fibers (silkworm, sheep, goat, camel, rabbit, feathers) Plant fibers (cotton, jute, yucca).

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History of Textiles

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  1. History of Textiles Origins & Shibori Dyeing

  2. Origins of Textiles • Wore animal skins = protection, decoration • Developed range of materials for clothing/fabric: • Animal skins • Animal fibers (silkworm, sheep, goat, camel, rabbit, feathers) • Plant fibers (cotton, jute, yucca)

  3. Origins of Fibers • Linen: from Mesopotamia • Flax fibers • Earliest known old world textile • Turkey, 6500 BC • Egypt: tomb wrappings • Spread from this area into Europe

  4. Origins of Fibers • Cotton: Indus River & southern Mexico • Cotton plants • Found in tombs in India, from 3000 BC • Described in Hindu hymns from 1400 BC • Also made in early China and pre-Inca Peru

  5. Origins of Fibers • Silk: Northern China • Before 3000 BC • Silkworms • The Silk Road helped spread trade of silk from Asian East to Europe in West

  6. Origins of Fibers • Wool: west Asia, 9000 BC • Sheep (had to be domesticated first) • Made into fabric: Stone Age, 1.75 million years ago • Usable woolen fabrics developed in Iraq, around 1200 BC

  7. Textile Production • At home, by hand, influenced by local traditions • Made what you needed, sold what you didn’t need • Craft Guilds: • Formed around different parts of textile production • Set quality standards, working methods

  8. Textile Production • Industrial Revolution: changed everything! • 18th & 19th Centuries • Mechanized production for mass market

  9. Modern Fibers • Cotton • Linen • Silk • Wool/Angora/Alpaca • Synthetic • Examples: polyester, nylon, ramie

  10. Textile/Fibers Art Forms • Weaving/Tapestry • Quilting • Sewing • Embroidery • Felting • Surface Design • Printing • Dyeing

  11. Dyeing • Stone Age: vegetable dyes • Bronze Age: more complex processes • Natural dyes: • Plants: saffron, madder, weld, indigo • Animals: mollusks, cochineal • 19th Century: synthetic dyes developed

  12. Shibori • Since 8th Century CE • Japanese form of shaped resist dyeing • Natural dyes (indigo) • Manipulating 2-D cloth into 3-D shapes before compressing to dye • Also found in other forms in other countries • Made into kimono, obi

  13. Shibori • Kanoko: wrapped & tied

  14. Shibori • Oboshi: small stitches pulled into core and capped with plastic

  15. Shibori • Techniques we will use: • Fold & clamp • Arashi (pole-wrapping) • Binding • Stitching

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