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Plants are vital organisms, capable of photosynthesis, with a history dating back 450 million years. They are classified into major groups including seedless non-vascular plants like mosses and liverworts, seedless vascular plants such as ferns and horsetails, gymnosperms which are the first seed plants, and angiosperms characterized by their flowers and seeds. Each group has unique features, reproductive mechanisms, and structures that allow them to thrive in various environments, showcasing the incredible adaptability and diversity of life on Earth.
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The Plants • Plants are photoautotroph's. That means they make their own food using the energy they get from the sun. They are multi-cellular eukaryotes. They have a natural history of about 450 million years and are divided into about 10 major groups. Plants are considered to be the first organisms to properly colonise the terrestrial environment.
Chara: A modern algae that resembles primitive plant ancestors.
Seedless non vascular plants • Seedless Non Vascular plant Characteristics: • No flowers, has separate archegonium (female) and antheridium (male) • Produce spores • Does not produce pollen, has flagellated sperm • Not associated with the insects • Gametophyte (dominant generation) and sporophyte generation independently living but sporophyte growing out of gametophyte. • No vascular system; nutrients moved through diffusion.
The Seedless Vascular Plants. • Seedless Vascular plant Characteristics: • No flowers, has separate archegonium (female) and antheridium (male) • Produce spores • Does not produce pollen, has flagellated sperm • Not associated with the insects. • Gametophyte and sporophyte (generally dominant) generation independently living though the sporophyte grows from the archegonium which is on the gametophyte. • Vascular system: Xylem: Tracheids and Phloem: sieve tube members
Pteridophyta: Salvinea: A noxious introduced aquatic fern from the new world.
Gymnosperms: The first seed plants. • Gymnosperm Characteristics: • No flowers • Produce seeds that are not contained within an ovary • Produce pollen • Not closely associated with the insects. • Dominant sporophyte generation • Vascular system: Xylem: Tracheidsand Phloem: sieve tube members
Cycadicae: Bowinea: The byfield fern, a rare native fern found in central Queensland.
Pinicae • Have no pictures of my own yet
Gneticae: • Have no pictures of my own yet
Angiosperms: The Modern Insect Symbionts. • Angiosperm Characteristics: • Produce flowers • Produce seeds that are contained within ovaries • Produce pollen • Close association with the insects • Dominant sporophyte generation • Vascular system:Xylem: vessel elementsand Phloem: sieve tube members
Dicotyledons: The flowering plants with two cotyledons. • Dicotyledon characteristics: • Two cotyledons • Leaves petolate • Netted venation • Flower parts in sets of 4 or 5. • Secondary growth • Tap roots
Angiosperm: Dicotyledon: Opointea: A Vibrant fast growing cactus species.
Monocotyledons: The Flowering Plants with one cotyledon. • Monocotyledon Characteristics: • Only one cotyledon • Leaves that are stem clasping • Parallel venation • Flower parts in sets of 3 • No secondary growth • No tap roots
Angiosperm: Monocotyledon: Bromeliad: A tree dwelling, sometimes carnivorous grass relative.
