The Qal Imperfect

The Qal Imperfect Strong Verbs

Perfect Verbal Aspect Imperfect Completed or simple action Incomplete action Can be… Past Present Future

Uses of the Imperfect • Continuous action in the present • Future tense • Habitual or customary action in the past

You can always tell an Imperfect You just can't tell him much

You can always tell an Imperfect Perfect Imperfect Normally has a suffix Always has a prefix yTil.j;q' ljoq.a, Wnl.j;q' ljoq.nI

Qal Perfect Strong Verb Singular Plural lj;q' He killed M Wlj.q' They killed hl'j.q' F C She killed T'l.j;q' ~T,l.j;q. M M You killed Ya’ll killed T.l.j;q' !T,l.j;q. F F You killed Ya’ll killed yTil.j;q' Wnl.j;q' I killed We killed C C

Qal Imperfect Strong Verb Singular Plural ljoq.yI Wlj.q.yI M He will kill They will kill M ljoq.Ti hn"l.joq.Ti F F She will kill They will kill Wlj.q.Ti ljoq.Ti M M You will kill Ya’ll will kill hn"l.joq.Ti ylij.q.Ti F F You will kill Ya’ll will kill ljoq.nI ljoq.a, I will kill We will kill C C

Observations on the Imperfect Form • The Imperfect has a preformative • Nearly all Imperfects begin with the Hireq Vowel. The exception is the first common singular ( ). ljoq.a,

Observations on the Imperfect Form • The Imperfect has a preformative • Nearly all Imperfects begin with the Hireq Vowel. The exception is the first common singular ( ). • Most Imperfects have with an “o” sound after the second radical. ljoq.a,

Observations on the Imperfect Form • The Imperfect has a preformative • Nearly all Imperfects begin with the Hireq Vowel. The exception is the first common singular ( ). • Most Imperfects have with an “o” sound after the second radical (statives are an exception). • On certain occasions the 3mp and 2mp forms will be followed by a final . ljoq.a, !

Negative Commands in the Imperfect la; al{ Used for an absolute or permanent prohibition Used for an immediate or non specific prohibition Ten commandments (Exodus 20 & Deuteronomy 5) “Fear not” (Genesis 15:1).

Vocabulary

hy"x' To live, be alive

hy"x' God said to Moses, “I AM WHO I AM” hv,mo-la, ~yhil{a/ rm,aYOw: hy<h.a, rv,a] hy<h.a,

lkoy" To be able to, to endure, “can do”

lkoy" And the land could not sustain them while dwelling together, for their possessions were so great that they were not able to remain together (Genesis 13:6).

lkoy" I will make your descendants as the dust of the earth, so that if anyone can number the dust of the earth, then your descendants can also be numbered (Genesis 13:16).

lkoy" And he said, “Your name shall no longer be Jacob, but Israel; for you have striven with God and with men and have prevailed” (Genesis 13:16). Piel Stem

lkoy" hw"hy> yPi-ta, rbo[]l; lk;Wa al{ To pass over (go beyond) I will not be able (Imperfect) of the LORD the mouth Numbers 24:13 (Balaam speaking)

tr;K' To cut

tr;K' In the same day the LORD made a covenant with Abram (Genesis 15:18). hw"hy> tr:K' aWhh; ~AYB; tyrIB. ~r"b.a;-ta,

tr;K' There was nothing in the ark except the two tablets which Moses put there at Horeb, where the LORD made a covenant with the sons of Israel, when they came out of Egypt (2 Chronicles 5:10). laer"f.yI ynEB.-~[i hw"hy> tr:K'

tr;K' I will make an everlasting covenant with you, even the sure mercies of David (Isaiah 55:3). ~l'A[ tyrIB. ~k,l' ht'r>k.a,w> ~ynIm'a/N<h; dwId" ydEs.x;

rWs To turn aside, leave

rWs So Moses said, “I must turn aside now and see this marvelous sight, why the bush is not burned up.” (Exodus 3:3).

rWs But whenever Moses went in before the LORD to speak with Him, he would take off the veil until he came out; and whenever he came out and spoke to the sons of Israel what he had been commanded (Exodus 34:34).

rWs …but My lovingkindness shall not depart from him, as I took it away from Saul, whom I removed from before you (2 Samuel 7:15).

db,[, B A slave db;[' To work or serve

db;[' Then the LORD God took the man and put him into the garden of Eden to cultivate it and keep it. (Genesis 2:15).

db;[' Again, she gave birth to his brother Abel. And Abel was a keeper of flocks, but Cain was a tiller of the ground (Genesis 4:2).

db;[' And He said, “Certainly I will be with you, and this shall be the sign to you that it is I who have sent you: when you have brought the people out of Egypt, you shall worship God at this mountain.” (Exodus 3:12). hZ<h; rh'h' l[; ~yhil{a/h'-ta, !Wdb.[;T;

hn"[' To answer

!z:a' B Listen, give ear !z<ao Ear

!z<ao ~yIn:z>a' WnyzIa]y: al{w> They have ears [ ], but they do not hear [ ] (Psalm 135:17).

ly"a/ B Strength lyIa; Ram, ruler

lyIa; Then Abraham raised his eyes and looked, and behold, behind him a ram caught in the thicket by his horns (Genesis 22:13).

rABGI Strong, mighty

rABGI The Nephilim were on the earth in those days, and also afterward, when the sons of God came in to the daughters of men, and they bore children to them. Those were the mighty men [ ] who were of old, men of renown (Genesis 6:4). ~yrIBoGIh;

rABGI lyIx'h, yrEABGI The LORD said to Joshua, "See, I have given Jericho into your hand, with its king and the valiant warriors [ ]” (Joshua 6:2).

rABGI lyIx; rABGI Now Jephthah the Gileadite was a valiant warrior [ ], but he was the son of a harlot (Judges 11:1).

xb;z" B To slaughter or sacrifice xb;z< Sacrifice

xb;z< So Israel set out with all that he had, and came to Beersheba, and offered sacrifices [ ] to the God of his father Isaac (Genesis 46:1). ~yxib'z> xB;z>YIw:

xb;z< Now the king and all Israel with him offered sacrifice before the LORD (1 Kings 8:62). AM[i laer"f.yI-lk'w> %l,M,h;w> hw"hy> ynEp.li xb;z< ~yxib.zO

xb;z< Offer the sacrifices of righteousness, And trust in the LORD (Psalm 4:5). qd<c,-yxeb.zI Wxb.zI hw"hy>-la, Wxj.biW

qd,c, B Righteous hq'd'c. Righteousness

!p;c', !ypic' B To hide B A treasure !Apc' North

bg<n< B South ~d,q, B East (in front of) ~y" B West !Apc'

za' Then, since, before

The Qal Imperfect