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Toward a Global Monitoring of Environmental Biodiversity

Toward a Global Monitoring of Environmental Biodiversity. Invited Talk Undergraduate Course in IR/PS University of California, San Diego March 8, 2006. Dr. Larry Smarr Director, California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technologies Harry E. Gruber Professor,

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Toward a Global Monitoring of Environmental Biodiversity

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  1. Toward a Global Monitoring of Environmental Biodiversity Invited Talk Undergraduate Course in IR/PS University of California, San Diego March 8, 2006 Dr. Larry Smarr Director, California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technologies Harry E. Gruber Professor, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD

  2. Two New Calit2 Buildings Will Provide Major New Laboratories to Their Campuses UC San Diego Richard C. Atkinson Hall Dedication Oct. 28, 2005 • New Laboratory Facilities • Nanotech, BioMEMS, Chips, Radio, Photonics, Grid, Data, Applications • Virtual Reality, Digital Cinema, HDTV, Synthesis • Over 1000 Researchers in Two Buildings • Linked via Dedicated Optical Networks • International Conferences and Testbeds UC Irvine www.calit2.net Preparing for an World in Which Distance Has Been Eliminated…

  3. Calit2--An Integrated Approach the Future of the Internet Creating Cross-Disciplinary Teams for Sensing the Environement 220 UC San Diego & UC Irvine Faculty Working in Multidisciplinary Teams With Students, Industry, and the Community www.calit2.net

  4. NASA’s Earth Science Enterprise Fundamental Science Questions • How is the Global Earth System Changing? • What are the Primary Forcings of the Earth System? • How Does the Earth System Respond to Natural and Human-Induced Changes? • What are the Consequences of Changes in the Earth System for Human Civilization? • How Well Can We Predict Future Changes in the Earth System? How Is The Earth Changing And What Are The Consequences Of Life On Earth? I was Chair of NASA’s Earth System Science & Applications Advisory Committee (ESSAAC)

  5. NASA Earth Science Research Satellites Aqua SORCE QuikScat SAGE III TRMM SeaWinds Terra UARS Landsat 7 GRACE Jason EO-1 SeaWiFS ICESat ACRIMSAT TOMS-EP ERBS TOPEX/Poseidon

  6. Vision for Creating an Integrated InteractiveInformation System for Earth Exploration Components of a Future Global System for Earth Observation (Sensor Web)

  7. Earth System Science Technology Emphasis Areas Geospatial Communications Earth System Science in the Future Will Leverage Three Ongoing Technology Revolutions: Computing ...To Enable Timely and Affordable Delivery of Earth Science Data and Information to Users

  8. How to Integrate Biodiversity Knowledge?Localities of Plant Specimens in Different Herbaria UADY (University de Yucatan) TEX (Universidad de Texas en Austin) CIDIIR (Centro de Investigaciones Científicas de Durango) ARIZ (University de Arizona) Source: Jorge Soberon

  9. First Create Digital Library of Physical Specimens CAS (California Academy of Sciences) XAL (Instituto de Ecología de Xalapa) CICY (Centro de Investigaciones Científicas de Yucatan) MEXU (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México) Source: Jorge Soberon

  10. Then Federate the Data together... The Virtual Herbarium of Mexico 700,000 Registers from 25 Herbaria In Mexico and the United States. Source: Jorge Soberon

  11. Evolution is the Principle of Biological Systems:Most of Evolutionary Time Was in the Microbial World You Are Here Much of Genome Work Has Occurred in Animals Source: Carl Woese, et al

  12. Looking Back Nearly 4 Billion YearsIn the Evolution of Microbe Genomics Science Falkowski and Vargas 304 (5667): 58

  13. The Sargasso Sea Experiment The Power of Environmental Metagenomics • Yielded a Total of Over 1 billion Base Pairs of Non-Redundant Sequence • Displayed the Gene Content, Diversity, & Relative Abundance of the Organisms • Sequences from at Least 1800 Genomic Species, including 148 Previously Unknown • Identified over 1.2 Million Unknown Genes J. Craig Venter, et al. Science 2 April 2004: Vol. 304. pp. 66 - 74 MODIS-Aqua satellite image of ocean chlorophyll in the Sargasso Sea grid about the BATS site from 22 February 2003

  14. PI Larry Smarr

  15. First Implementation of the CAMERA Complex Database & Storage Compute

  16. Marine Genome Sequencing ProjectMeasuring the Genetic Diversity of Ocean Microbes CAMERA will include All Sorcerer II Metagenomic Data

  17. Moore Foundation Funded the Venter Institute to Provide the Full Genome Sequence of 150 Marine Microbes CAMERA will include All Moore Marine Microbial Genomes www.moore.org/microgenome/trees_main.asp

  18. Moore Microbial Genome Sequencing ProjectSelected Microbes Throughout the World’s Oceans www.moore.org/microgenome/worldmap.asp

  19. Coupling Ocean Current Models to Remote Data Sources Including Biology NASA MODIS Mean Primary Productivity for April 2001 in California Current System Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) http://ourocean.jpl.nasa.gov/

  20. Goal – From Expedition to Cable Observatories with Streaming HDTV Robotic Cameras Scenes from The Aliens of the Deep, Directed by James Cameron & Steven Quale

  21. NSF’s Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI)Envisions Global, Regional, and Coastal Scales LEO15 Inset Courtesy of Rutgers University, Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences

  22. High Definition Video - 2.5 km Below the Ocean Surface

  23. Monterey Accelerated Research System (MARS) Cable Observatory Testbed Central Lander MARS Installation Oct 2005 -Jan 2006 Tele-Operated Crawlers Source: Jim Bellingham, MBARI

  24. A Near Future Metagenomics Fiber Optic Cable Observatory Source John Delaney, UWash

  25. ROADnet and HiSeasNet are Prototypes of the Future of In Situ Earth Observing Systems http://roadnet.ucsd.edu

  26. Environmental SensorNets--Water and Climate Instrumentsin the Santa Margarita Ecological Reserve Source, Dan Cayan, UCSD SIO

  27. Grand Challenge: A Total Knowledge Integration System for the Coastal Zone Pilot Project Components • Moorings • Ships • Autonomous Vehicles • Satellite Remote Sensing • Drifters • Long Range HF Radar • Near-Shore Waves/Currents (CDIP) • COAMPS Wind Model • Nested ROMS Models • Data Assimilation and Modeling • Data Systems www.cocmp.org www.sccoos.org/

  28. ROADNet Architecture:SensorNets,Storage Research Broker, Web Services, Work Flow Antelope Web Services SRB Kepler Frank Vernon, SIO; Tony Fountain, Ilkay Altintas, SDSC

  29. Groups are Forming to Monitor Remote Environments in Real Time Workshop 29th to 31st March 2006 Townsville, Australia

  30. Programs -Australia -Canada -China -Finland -Florida -New Zealand -Israel -South Korea -Taiwan -United Kingdom -Wisconsin First meeting: San Diego March 7-9, 2005 Steering Committee -Peter Arzberger, UCSD, USA -David Hamiltion, University of Waikato, New Zealand -Tim Kratz, University of Wisconsin, USA -Fang-Pang Lin, NCHC, Taiwan Source: T. Kratz

  31. What is the “Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network?” • A Grassroots Network of: • People: Lake Scientists, Engineers, Information Technology Experts • Institutions: Universities, National Laboratories, Agencies • Programs: PRAGMA, AS-Forest Biogeochemistry,US-LTER, TERN, KING, EcoGrid, etc. • Instruments • Data • Linked by a Common Purpose and Cyberinfrastructure • With a Goal of Understanding Lake Dynamics at Local, Regional, Continental, and Global Scales Source: T. Kratz

  32. Example Science Questions for GLEON • How do Nutrient Loading, Hydrology, Geologic Setting, and Climate Regime Influence the Metabolic Balance in Lakes? • How do Physical, Chemical, and Biological Processes Interact to Control Inorganic and Organic Carbon Fluxes in Lakes and Does This Interaction Vary With Scale? • What Roles do Large-Scale Disturbances (e.g. Typhoons and Drought) Play in Structuring Lake Biological Communities and Their Dynamics?

  33. Remote Observation of Episodic Events in Water-Based Ecological Systems Access can be difficult during the most interesting times Photo by Peter Arzberger, October 2004 Yuan Yang Lake, Taiwan – August 2004 Used by NSF Director Feb 2005 Typhoon Part of a growing global lake observatory network - http://lakemetabolism.org Source: Tim Kratz Supported by Moore Foundation

  34. Scalable Instrumentation and Cyberfrastructure is Critical Source: Tim Kratz We Can Do This Scale Now http://lakemetabolism.org

  35. Long Term Goal:A Global Real-Time Network of Environmental Sensors Source: Tim Kratz

  36. Calit2, SDSC, and SIO are Building Environmental Observatory Control Rooms

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