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Telescopes - Tools of the Trade Keck telescope in Mauna Kea, Hawaii

Telescopes - Tools of the Trade Keck telescope in Mauna Kea, Hawaii. Light Pollution. Large lens = more light = brighter image. Collecting Power α (proportional to) Area of the lens (or mirror).

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Telescopes - Tools of the Trade Keck telescope in Mauna Kea, Hawaii

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  1. Telescopes - Tools of the Trade Keck telescope in Mauna Kea, Hawaii

  2. Light Pollution

  3. Large lens = more light = brighter image Collecting Power α (proportional to) Area of the lens (or mirror)

  4. The Collecting Power of a lens or mirror is proportional to the Area of the lens or mirror. Since Area is proportional to the Diameter2or Radius2we can write Collecting Power α Radius2 (Diameter2) CP α r2 If the size of the mirror or lens is doubled, the collecting power increases by a factor of 4, since CP α (2r)2 α 4r2 Collecting Power

  5. How a lens focuses light

  6. World’s largest refracting telescope – The Yerkes 1-m telescope – University of Chicago

  7. How a curved mirror focuses light

  8. Some focus arrangements for reflectors.

  9. World’s Largest Optical Telescope One of the twin Keck telescopes – 36 mirrors cover an area 10 meters in diameter – Mauna Kea, Hawaii

  10. One of the two Gemini telescopes. One of this telescope pair is on Mauna Kea, Hawaii; the other one is in Chile. The mirror of each telescope is about 8 meters in diameter. The yellow lines show the light path through the telescope.

  11. Diffraction of water and light Diffraction limits the ability to observe fine details. angular resolution (arc seconds) = 0.02 * wavelength (nm)/telescope diameter (cm)

  12. α – angular separation of objects in arc seconds λ – observed wavelength of light in nm D – diameter of telescope lens or mirror α = 0.02λ/D For D = 50 cm and λ = 500 nm (visible light): α = 0.02 * 500/50 = 0.2 arc seconds So, observing in visible light with the given telescope allows us to resolve objects that are separated by 0.2 arc seconds or more. For D = 50 cm and λ = 50 nm (ultra-violet light): α = 0.02 * 50/50 = 0.02 arc seconds So, observing in ultra-violet light with the given telescope allows us to resolve objects that are separated by 0.02 arc seconds or more. Resolution Example

  13. Astronomical Interferometer

  14. Telescope Versus Interferometer Can observe 2 stars!

  15. Photograph of a radio telescope

  16. The Hubble and other observatories

  17. Twinkling of Stars

  18. Effects of refraction

  19. Jupiter Cat’s eye nebula Ring of gas around Supernova 1987 A Hourglass Nebula Images from the Hubble Disk of hot gas in core of the galaxy NGC 4261; a black hole may lie in the disk’s center

  20. The Crab Nebula

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