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Ionic Compounds

Learn about the valence electrons involved in bonding, the electron configuration and Lewis dot structures of metals and nonmetals, naming positive and negative ions, ionic bonding, multivalent ions, and naming polyatomic ions. Understand the composition and properties of ionic compounds.

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Ionic Compounds

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  1. Ionic Compounds

  2. by kind permission of Nick Kim. Na+

  3. Valence Electron Facts • the electrons involved in bonding • The # of valence electrons is the same as the group number for the atom (1A, 2A, etc)

  4. Valence Electrons and Metals

  5. Electron Configuration & Lewis Dot Structures of Metals • Symbol Atomic No. e config Lewis dot • H 1 1s1 H • Li 3 1s2 2s1 Li • Be 4 1s2 2s2 Be • B 5 1s2 2s2 2p1 B

  6. Naming Positive Ions • The name of the cation is the same as the name of the element plus the term ion • magnesium magnesium ion • lithium lithium ion

  7. Negative Ions • the electrons involved in bonding • The # of valence electrons is the same as the group number for the atom (5A, 6A, etc)

  8. Valence Electron and Nonmetals

  9. Electron Configuration & Lewis Dot Structure of Nonmetals • Symbol Atomic No. e config Lewis dot N 7 1s2 2s2 2p3 N O 8 1s2 2s2 2p4 O F 9 1s2 2s2 2p5 F

  10. Naming Negative Ions • The name of the anion uses the root of the element and the ending -ide plus ion • oxygen ox ide ion • fluorine fluor ide ion

  11. Ionic Bonding

  12. Ionic Bonding – the strong vs the weak

  13. Ionic Bonding – e config style Na 3p 3p 3s 3s 2p 2p 2s 2s Na Cl 1s 1s

  14. Ionic Bonding – Lewis dot style Na + Cl  Na+ Cl-

  15. Ionic Bonding – e config style Na 3p 3p 3s 3s 2p 2p 2s 2s Mg Cl 1s 1s

  16. Ionic Bonding – Lewis dot style Mg + _Cl  Mg+2 + Cl-_

  17. More Ionic Bonding and Lewis dot practice • _K + _Cl  • _Ca + _ Cl  • _Ba + _F  • _Na + _O 

  18. Multivalent Ions Metal Ions with more than one charge

  19. Practice Naming Simple Ions

  20. Polyatomic Ions Collections of tightly bound atoms that behave as a unit and carry a charge examples SO3-2sulfite ion SO4-2 sulfate ion NO2 -2nitrite ion NO3-1 nitrate ion ClO2-1 chlorite ion ClO3-1 chlorate ion

  21. Complicated Ions Polyatomic Ions

  22. Practice Naming Polyatomic Ions and Acids

  23. Ionic Compounds • composed of cations and anions • electrically neutral • total + charge = total – charge • Strong vs weak forces (electronegativity) • formula units • usua lly solid at room temperature • have high melting points • conduct electricity

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