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Surah al Baqarah Ayahs 234 – 242
Ayah 234 And those who are taken in death among you and leave wives behind - they, [the wives, shall] wait four months and ten [days]. And when they have fulfilled their term, then there is no blame upon you for what they do with themselves in an acceptable manner. And Allah is [fully] Acquainted with what you do.
Iddah Four Lunar Months & Ten Days
The Prophet (s.a.w) said “It is not lawful for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day, that she should mourn a dead person for more than three days except in the case of her husband whom she should mourn for four months and ten days.” [Muslim]
Prohibitions During Iddah No Make Up – No Perfume No Jewellery No Bright Clothing Stay at Husbands Home Hospital, Court, For grocery & drop offs to school, How abt living in some other country? Applying Perfume Use of Cosmetics Nikah Leaving Husband’s Home(without a dire need) Dressing Up
Ayah 235 There is no blame upon you for that to which you [indirectly] allude concerning a proposal to women or for what you conceal within yourselves. Allah knows that you will have them in mind. But do not promise them secretly except for saying a proper saying. And do not determine to undertake a marriage contract until the decreed period reaches its end. And know that Allah knows what is within yourselves, so beware of Him. And know that Allah is Forgiving and Forbearing.
عَلِمَ اللَّهُ أَنَّكُمْ سَتَذْكُرُونَهُنَّ • How is dhikr done? • - With the heart - so the man thinks about marrying the woman. • - With the tongue - he sends indirect messages to show his desire to marry her.
No Hidden Promises لاَّ تُوَاعِدُوهُنَّ سِرًّا إِلاَّ أَن تَقُولُواْ قَوْلاً مَّعْرُوفًا Indirectly Directly & Secretly
وَلاَ تَعْزِمُواْ عُقْدَةَ النِّكَاحِ حَتَّىَ يَبْلُغَ الْكِتَابُ أَجَلَهُ No Nikah Before Four Lunar Months & Ten Days
وَاعْلَمُواْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ مَا فِي أَنفُسِكُمْ فَاحْذَرُوهُ Watch your thoughts, for they become words. Watch your words, for they become actions.
Permissible to Propose • After Talaq Al Baa’in it is permissible to propose to her. • woman is in the one month Iddah after Khul’a - it is permissible to propose to her as well. In the Iddah of Third Divorce Talaq al Baa-in. In the Iddah of Khul’a
Reflection • Nowadays no one even thinks of sending the widowed/divorced woman a proposal because she’s seen as “used” or “baggage”
Ayah 236 There is no blame upon you if you divorce women you have not touched nor specified for them an obligation. But give them [a gift of] compensation - the wealthy according to his capability and the poor according to his capability - a provision according to what is acceptable, a duty upon the doers of good.
لاَّ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِن طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسَاء مَا لَمْ تَمَسُّوهُنُّ أَوْ تَفْرِضُواْ لَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةً Mahr is Not Decided & Marriage is not Consummated Give What You Can
وَمَتِّعُوهُنَّ عَلَى الْمُوسِعِ قَدَرُهُ وَعَلَى الْمُقْتِرِ قَدَرُهُ
Ayah 237 And if you divorce them before you have touched them and you have already specified for them an obligation, then [give] half of what you specified - unless they forego the right or the one in whose hand is the marriage contract foregoes it. And to forego it is nearer to righteousness. And do not forget graciousness between you. Indeed Allah , of whatever you do, is Seeing.
وَإِن طَلَّقْتُمُوهُنَّ مِن قَبْلِ أَن تَمَسُّوهُنَّ وَقَدْ فَرَضْتُمْ لَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةً فَنِصْفُ مَا فَرَضْتُمْ Mahr is Decided & Marriage is not Consummated
إِلاَّ أَن يَعْفُونَ أَوْ يَعْفُوَ الَّذِي بِيَدِهِ عُقْدَةُ النِّكَاحِ
Ayah 238 Maintain with care the [obligatory] prayers and [in particular] the middle prayer and stand before Allah , devoutly obedient.
Guard Your Salah Salah
Imagine You are a Factory! Damaged Rejected Damaged Best You Produce Deeds You are a Factory Check the Quality of Your Salah!
حَافِظُواْ عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ Properly Fulfilling all of the pillars, conditions, correct manner Performing the prayer on time Constantly
وَالصَّلاةِ الْوُسْطَى Especially Middle Salah Asr
وَقُومُواْ لِلَّهِ قَانِتِينَ Show Humility Or Stand Still – Stillness of Body & Tongue See Allah Clearly = Fajr and Asr
Reflect! How Humble & Still I am in my Salah?
Ayah 239 And if you fear [an enemy, then pray] on foot or riding. But when you are secure, then remember Allah [in prayer], as He has taught you that which you did not [previously] know.
Excuses We Make I know I have to pray, but I am too tired & lazy. Allah is al-Ghafoorar-Raheem. He will forgive me. I pray; I just delay it until it is convenient for me or I pray it Qadaa I am SO busy at work, I don't have time to pray I pray the 4 prayers. I only miss Fajr because I have to do Ghusl When Allaah guides me, i will
I want to pray but my children are so young I can't leave them and pray If I pray, I will be fired from my job! If I pray, people will think that I show off. So I don't pray I can't pray at my job/school/public place. I am too embarrassed /they will think I am a TERRORIST! I don't pray, but I have a good heart I have made so many mistakes in my life, it is no use for me to pray. Allah will never forgive me. If I pray, I will be fired from my job!
Hadith Prophet (s.a.w) mentioned prayer one day and said: "Whoever observes it regularly, it will be light and a proof and salvation on the Day of Resurrection, and whoever does not observe it regularly, it will not be a light or a proof or salvation for him, and on the Day of Resurrection he will be with Qaroon, Fir'aun, Hamaan and UbayyibnKhalaf." (Ahmad).
Ibn al Qayyim’s Explanation These four people are mentioned because they are the leaders of kufr. This makes an important point about the one who does not observe regular prayer, whether that is because he is distracted by his wealth, his power, his position of leadership or his business. The one who is distracted from it by his wealth will be with Qaroon; the one who is distracted by his power will be with Fir'aun; the one who is distracted by his position of leadership will be with Hamaan and the one who is distracted by his business will be with UbayyibnKhalaf."
فَاذْكُرُواْ اللَّهَ كَمَا عَلَّمَكُم Remember Allah! But How? The Way He Taught You!
اذْكُرُواْ اللَّهَ كَمَا عَلَّمَكُم مَّا لَمْ تَكُونُواْ تَعْلَمُونَ So what should man do? 1. Acknowledge that this is a great blessing of Allah. 2. Ask for more knowledge with humility.
Ayah 240 And those who are taken in death among you and leave wives behind - for their wives is a bequest: maintenance for one year without turning [them] out. But if they leave [of their own accord], then there is no blame upon you for what they do with themselves in an acceptable way. And Allah is Exalted in Might and Wise.
Abrogated Verse If wife has Children – 1/8th Share If no children – 1/4th Share Inheritance Iddah was reduced from one yr to 4 months & 10 days Will: Maintenance for One Year Own Share in Inheritance
Ayah 241 And for divorced women is a provision according to what is acceptable - a duty upon the righteous.
Ayah 242 Thus does Allah make clear to you His verses that you might use reason.
Before these ayahs, perhaps we had no idea about the importance of ihsaan and gift giving even during times of divorce
REFLECTIONS • To respond to the ayahs • What did you get out of it? • To make an assessment of the universe which you experience • Your response to experiences, opinions, events • Your thoughts & feelings
WHY REFLECT? • A way of thinking to explore your learning • An opportunity to gain self-knowledge • A way to achieve clarity and better understanding of what you are learning • Achance to develop and reinforce writing skills • Away of making meaning out of what you study • It’s a command of the Qu’ran!
EXAMPLES • I learned that widowed women have to stay waiting for 4 months and 10 days • IS THIS A FACT OR LESSON? • How to turn this into a lesson… • I learned that Allah SWT is so merciful to women that He allows them to have time on their own after their husband passes away so that they are not bothered by advances of other people
