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Academic Patenting in Sweden: New Evidence from the 2011 Database

Academic Patenting in Sweden: New Evidence from the 2011 Database. Evangelos Bourelos Maureen McKelvey. Swedish Data : 3 sets. 2005: KEINS. Full analysis. List of academics => matching EPO. All positions, most all universities and technical/medical universities

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Academic Patenting in Sweden: New Evidence from the 2011 Database

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  1. Academic Patenting in Sweden: New Evidence from the 2011 Database • Evangelos Bourelos • Maureen McKelvey

  2. Swedish Data : 3 sets • 2005: KEINS. Full analysis. List of academics => matching EPO. All positions, most all universities and technical/medical universities • 6 universities tend to patent • University invented completely diff uni-owned • Most all uni invented are assigned to firms • 2009: MSc project. Analysis of the 6 unis that patented • 2011: ESF. Full analysis. List of academics => matching EPO. All positions, same univ(minus 1) • Just finishing the database

  3. Swedish ESF 2011 Creation: Continuation of Keins=>ESF • The Data • 27 Universities • 48 220 Employees • 36 231 Academics

  4. Variables for all individual researchers • Name • Surname • Year of Birthday, Birthday • Address-Zip, City • Rank, Position type • University • Discipline • Faculty, Department, Devision • Email, Phone (Personummer)

  5. Matching this list with EPO Data • Data- Retrieved from “DISCO” server • -Clean characters From Swedish letters (Ä,Ö,Å) (Already done in EPO Data) -Split names to eliminate middle initials (Mats j. Andersson  Mats Andersson) • Match according to initials on surname and name (Mats Johansson  MAJO)

  6. Matching • Matching Initials 635 951 Combinations • Calculate Similarity Scores Name, Surname, Address, Zip Code, City Total Similarity Score Left joint from Academic’s database to EPO data If 0 on right side, observation omitted

  7. Filtering • 1. (+) Pairs with SIMILARITY_TOT = 0; (Excluded SLU and UMU where address was missing) 2. (+) Verified inventors in 2005 and or 2009 database 3. (-) Minimum age to file a patent is set at 22 (to improve) 4. (-) Matches in disciplines with very small probability of patenting were excluded. Excluded: Humanities apart from linguistics, Social sciences apart from Business and Economics, applied psychology, media

  8. Filtering Mutual • 4. (+-) Similarity name= similarity surname=0 • 5. (+-) Same University • 6. (+-) Uncommon name • 7. (+-) Criteria 3, 4

  9. Inventors by Year-Country Level

  10. 6 Top Universities

  11. Distribution by Discipline

  12. Number of Patents by field

  13. Distribution by Rank

  14. Age of Inventor • Average inventor born 1960

  15. Some notes on Sweden • Legal framework: Professor’s privilege • Mainly university-invented. if TTO, likely Karolinska • Still owned by companies, skewed to MNCs, plus TTO (Karolinska) but also SMEs and individuals • Top patenting at: Comprehensive universities (Uppsala, Lund, Linköping) as well as specialised medicine (Karolinksa) and specialised engineering (KTH, Chalmers) • From other research: These 6 have high science or publications (exemption of Linköping) and high R&D investment from firms (exemption of Uppsala) • Only 38% by professors – important to include the personnel categories

  16. Increasing-controlling for precision • Manual check/contact for 404 inventors-not existing in previous databases. • Using the co-inventors dimension for verification

  17. Next step • Cross sectional dataset 2005, 2011 • Three level analysis • -Individual Level • Discipline Level • University Level • (potential for country level as well)

  18. Thank you! • Questions? • Comments..

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