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Geol 465- Intro to GIS G eographic I nformation S ystems

Geol 465- Intro to GIS G eographic I nformation S ystems. Evaluation. Grades are based on two exams and completion of assignments in the lab part of the class Midterm Exam is 22% of grade each Final exam is 44% of grade Labs are 34% of grade. Lab exercises.

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Geol 465- Intro to GIS G eographic I nformation S ystems

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  1. Geol 465- Intro to GIS Geographic Information Systems

  2. Evaluation • Grades are based on two exams and completion of assignments in the lab part of the class • Midterm Exam is 22% of grade each • Final exam is 44% of grade • Labs are 34% of grade

  3. Lab exercises • Software and hardware needed to complete lab exercises are available in this room (SC3211) • Files needed to complete the exercises are available from the textbook, from me, or from a wide range of online sources

  4. What is GIS? • A tool to be used by researchers • System involves collected, tabulated, processed, analyzed geographical data used to solve, diagnose or prevent problems • Maps are heavily utilized • Not the only means of portraying information • Differs from a CAD* system or a CAC‡ system • Arguably more powerful due to ability to generate DERIVATIVE data sets from pre-existing data * Computer Aided Design ‡ Computer Aided Construction

  5. Subsystems for GIS • Data input and Preprocessing • Transformation of spatial data types • E.g., from topo lines to elevation data points • Data storage and retrieval • Data manipulation and analysis • Modeling, simulations, estimates • Lloyd expressway example • Data reporting and display of information • Tabular, graph-based, or map based

  6. Information systems Non-spatial Spatial Management systems Geographic Info Systems Nongeographic Other systems LIS CAD/CAM* *Computer Aided Manufacturing

  7. Digital data • Has benefits over analog (non-digital) data • Photographic example • Rectification- alignment to coordinate system Unrectified Rectified

  8. Digital data • Continuous data sets are not easily represented • Example topographic map data • Analog maps versus Digital elevation models

  9. Topographic map grid

  10. Same image as previous one, grid cells are shaded

  11. Same image as previous two, just rotated to vertical

  12. Georectified aerial and satellite photographs

  13. Overlaying vector based maps to create derivative maps Color is attribute as is alphabetic designation

  14. Layers of geographic information, which in turn can create new layers of data

  15. Soils layer

  16. Land Use Layer

  17. Topographic layer

  18. Watershed boundaries layers

  19. Tiger file layer

  20. Point specific layers Point source pollution Weather stations

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