1. OrganizationalCulture • Chapter 16

2. Class Agenda • Organizational culture defined • Culture components • Culture types • Culture strength • Maintaining and changing a culture • Best practices

4. Organizational Culture The shared social knowledge within an organization regarding the rules, norms, and values that shape the attitudes and behaviors of its employees

5. Organizational Culture

6. Observable Artifacts The manifestations of an organization’s culture that employees can easily see or talk about • Symbols • Physical structures • Language • Stories • Rituals • Ceremonies

7. Espoused Values The beliefs, philosophies, and norms that a company explicitly states

8. Basic Underlying Assumptions Taken-for-granted beliefs and philosophies that are so ingrained that employees simply act on them rather than questioning the validity of their behavior in a given situation

9. General Culture Types

10. Specific Culture Types • Customer service culture • Safety culture • Diversity culture • Creativity culture

11. Creativity Culture Innovation Formalization >22 <22

12. CultureStrength

13. Culture Strength Exists when employees have • High consensus - definitively agree about the way things are supposed to happen within the organization and • High intensity - their subsequent behaviors are consistent with those expectations

14. Culture Strength • Have you ever worked for an organization with a strong culture? • What were the expectations places on members? • Was it a positive or a negative experience? • Did everyone feel that way?

15. Maintaining a Culture • Attraction-Selection-Attrition (ASA) • Socialization • Anticipatory stage • Encounter stage • Understanding and adaptation

16. Changing a Culture • Changes in leadership • Mergers and acquisitions

17. How Important is Culture? Person–organization fit is the degree to which a person’s personality and values match the culture of an organization

18. How Important is Culture?