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Understanding Ideal Gases: Behavior, Properties, and Applications in Chemical Engineering

This document provides a comprehensive overview of the properties and behaviors of ideal gases within chemical engineering contexts. It addresses various scenarios involving pressure, temperature, and molecular interactions in rigid tanks and pistons. Through experiments and calculations, it examines the relationships between gas density, partial pressures, internal energy, and Gibbs free energy changes. Students and professionals in chemical and biological engineering will find this resource beneficial for grasping these critical concepts. Supported by the National Science Foundation, it includes multiple real-world applications to aid understanding.

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Understanding Ideal Gases: Behavior, Properties, and Applications in Chemical Engineering

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  1. Ideal Gases Contributions by: John L. Falconer & Will MedlinDepartment of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of ColoradoBoulder, CO 80309-0424 Supported by the National Science Foundation

  2. A rigid tank contains CO2 at 2 atm and 50°C. When the tank is heated to 250°C, the pressure increases significantly and the gas density ____________. increases decreases remains the same Gas

  3. The pressure of an ideal gas in a fixed volume container is doubled without changing the number of moles of the gas. The average velocity of the particles should __________. not change be doubled be halved be quadrupled none of the above

  4. An ideal gas (water) enters a compressor, and the exiting water is a real fluid. The shaft work will be ____________ that obtained if the exiting water could be considered an ideal gas. higher than lower than the same as

  5. 1 mol CH4 (1 bar, 50°C) is mixed with 1 mol O2 (1 bar, 50°C) to form a mixture at 2 bar and 50°C. Assume ideal gases. The Gibbs free energy change is _____________. positive negative zero Need more information

  6. Which system has the highest internal energy if one mole of the same ideal gas is in each piston-cylinder? A B Both have the same internal energy A B 2 atm 50°C 10 atm 50°C

  7. N2 A constant-volume tank contains CO2 at 2 atm. Nitrogen is injected into the tank. If the CO2 all remains in the tank, its partial pressure ____________. Assume ideal gases and an isothermal system. decreases increases stays the same CO2

  8. A constant-volume tanks contains 4 mol CO2 and 1 mol N2 at a total pressure of 2 atm. The N2 is removed completely through a membrane that allows only N2 to permeate. If all the CO2 remains in the tank, the partial pressure of CO2 ___________. Assume ideal gases and an isothermal system. decreases increases stays the same membrane N2 CO2 +N2

  9. An ideal gas is at 1 atm in a piston-cylinder. The piston is weightless and frictionless. When the mass is removed from the piston, the gas temperature ____________. increases decreases remains the same Stopper Vacuum Weight 1 kg Piston Gas

  10. 1 mol CO2 and 2 mol N2are heated at constant pressure. The partial pressure of the CO2 _________. Assume ideal gases. increases decreases stays the same 1 kg 1 kg CO2 N2 1 mol CO2 2 mol N2 1 mol CO2 2 mol N2 After heating Start

  11. 1 mol CO2 and 2 mol N2 are in a container at 100°C. The container is then placed in an ice bath at constant pressure. The partial pressure of the CO2 _________. Assume ideal gases. increases decreases stays the same 1 kg Weight Piston 1 kg Gas Gas Start After cooling

  12. A fixed volume tank has water in VLE. A mole of air was added to the system. All gases are ideal. The amount of liquid water ___________. increases decreases stays the same Vapor 1 mol air Liquid

  13. A fixed-volume tank contains CO2and N2, both of which are ideal gases. One mole of O2, also an ideal gas, is added. The partial pressure of H2 __________. increases decreases stays the same PCO2 = 0.6 atm PN2 = 0.5 atm 1 mol O2

  14. A gas is heated and expands in a sealed, frictionless, piston-and cylinder arrangement, where the piston mass and the atmospheric pressure above the piston remain constant. The pressure of the gas will _________. increase   remain the same   decrease   Insufficient information   1 kg 1 kg Gas Gas 1 mol CO2 2 mol N2 Start After heating

  15. Which line corresponds to an isotherm? D A E B Pressure C Volume

  16. H H H H H yi yi yi yi yi Which is the correct plot of enthalpy vs. mole fraction of one component for a binary mixture of ideal gases? A B C D E

  17. G G G G G yi yi yi yi yi Which is the correct plot of Gibbs free energy vs. yi for a binary mixture of ideal gases? A B C D E

  18. A membrane divides a rigid, well-insulated 2 m3 tank into equal parts. The left side contains an ideal gas (Cp= 30 J/mol K) at 300 K and 10 bar and the right side is a vacuum. If the membrane ruptures, what will be the final temperature of the gas? 200 K 300 K 400 K Need more information Vacuum Gas Membrane

  19. A rigid isolated vessel is divided by a barrier into two chambers of equal volume. One side contains an ideal monatomic gas, the other side contains vacuum. If the barrier is removed, the temperature of the gas will __________. double be cut in half not change go to absolute zero Vacuum Ideal monotomic gas Piston Remove Stoppers

  20. A rigid vessel is divided by a barrier into two chambers of equal volume. One side contains a real gas, the other side contains vacuum. If the barrier is removed, the temperature of the gas will _____________. go to absolute zero increase decrease not change Vacuum Real gas Piston Remove Stoppers

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