The Respiratory System

1. The Respiratory System http://137.222.110.150/calnet/irish_cal/exotics/respiratory%20system.jpg

2. The system of the body that deals with breathing The body takes in the oxygen that it needs and removes the carbon dioxide that it doesn’t

3. The Oxygen Delivery System • Main function - to supply the blood with oxygen • Does this through breathing

4. Function - to bring oxygen into the body - to remove carbon dioxide and water from the body O2 CO2

5. Breathing and Respiration are NOT the same thing!

6. Breathing Moving air in and out of the lungs

7. Breathing is partly a result of changes in air pressure-gases move from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure. • Lungs are considered an excretory organ-excrete(get rid of) carbon dioxide

8. Respiration Chemical reaction that releases energy

9. What’s the Difference Between Breathing, Circulation, and Respiration? Breathing is simply inhaling and exhaling air. breath

10. Circulation is the transport of O2 from the lungs to the body’s cells, and the transport of CO2 from the body’s cells back to the lungs. It involves the heart, blood vessels, and blood. Carbon dioxide is carried from all cells back to lungs Oxygen is carried from lungs to all cells

11. Respiration is a chemical reaction that makes energy from glucose (sugar) and oxygen. C6H12O6 + 6O2 ENERGY + 6CO2 + 6H2O glucose + oxygen ENERGY + carbon dioxide + water

12. Respiration takes place in cells.

13. Inhalation • Breathing in • Body gets oxygen from the air • Rib muscles contract to pull ribs up and out • Diaphragm muscle contracts to pull down the lungs • Tissue expands to force (pull) in air. • Less air pressure in lungs

14. Exhalation • Breathing out • Get rid of carbon dioxide • Rib muscles relax • Diaphragm muscle relaxes • Tissue returns to resting position and forces (pushes) air out • Increased air pressure in lungs

15. http://mhln.com

16. Parts of the System • Mouth • Nose • Trachea • splits into bronchi • bronchioles • Lungs • Bronchioles • Alveoli • Diaphragm

17. Lungs • Bronchial tubes • Many smaller tubes • Alveoli (alveolus) – surrounded by capillaries • Average adult's lungs contain about 600 million of these air-filled sacs

18. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/

19. The main body organs or parts of the respiratory system are: • Nose (mouth sometimes) • trachea (windpipe) • bronchi tubes • lungs (main organ) • bronchioles (smaller tubes) • alveoli (tiny air sacs) • diaphragm

20. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/

21. http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio105/respirat.htm

22. Structure Nose or Mouth or bronchial tubes

23. Function of Organs 1) nose: moistens, warms and filters air septum nasal cavity 1930’s “nose job”

24. mouth: takes in • and breathes out air

25. 3) pharynx: top of throat pharynx esophagus pharynx trachea epiglottis 4) epiglottis: flap that closes off trachea when you swallow

26. 5) larynx: vocal cords; vibrate to produce sound vocal cords Cancer of the larynx Artificial Larynx, 1933

27. 6) trachea: windpipe; connects nose and mouth to lungs trachea bronchus 7) bronchus or bronchial tubes: where trachea splits and enters both lungs

28. 8) lungs: main organs of respiratory system; full of alveoli The right lung is slightly larger than the left. It has 3 lobes or areas; the left lung has 2 lobes. Each lung weighs about one pound.

29. 9) alveoli: tiny sacs in lungs that are covered with capillaries; they exchange CO2 for O2

30. 10) diaphragm: a strong muscle that fills lungs with air when it contracts downward, and empties lungs when it relaxes

31. http://users.tpg.com.au/users/amcgann/body/respiratory.html

32. Pathway of Oxygen Body breathes in the air which is pulled through the nose or mouth and down through the trachea

33. http://webschoolsolutions.com/patts/systems/lungs.htm

34. Pathway of Oxygen The trachea is a pipe shaped by rings of cartilage. It divides into two tubes called bronchi. Bronchi carry air into each lung.

35. Pathway of Oxygen Inside the lung, the tubes divide into smaller and smaller tubes called bronchioles. At the end of each of these tubes are small air sacs called alveoli. Capillaries, which are small blood vessels with thin walls, are wrapped around these alveoli.

36. http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/

37. Pathway of Oxygen Capillary walls are so thin and close to each other that the air easily diffuses through.

38. http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/

39. Pathway of Oxygen Oxygen diffuses through the capillaries into the bloodstream. Carbon dioxide in the bloodstream, diffuses through into the alveoli, and is then removed from the body when we breathe out.

40. http://users.tpg.com.au/users/amcgann/body/respiratory.html

41. http://www.mtsinai.org/

42. http://mhln.com

43. Diffusion http://www.borg.com/~lubehawk/hrespsys.htm

44. In the lungs, the exchange of gases (oxygen & carbon dioxide) occurs in tiny air sacs called the alveoli.

45. How does oxygen move to the circulatory system from the alveoli? Capillaries wrap around each air sac. The air sacs have thin walls that let gases move through them.

46. Pleura • Membrane lining the lungs and chest cavity

47. The Diaphragm The muscle that controls the breathing process.

48. The Diaphragm The diaphragm contracts; flattens and pulls down to cause the chest to expand and air is pulled into the lungs (inhale)

49. The Diaphragm When the diaphragm relaxes, the chest collapses and the air in the lungs is forced out (exhale)

50. http://users.tpg.com.au/users/amcgann/body/respiratory.html