Atoms, Elements, Compounds, and Ions

Atoms, Elements, Compounds, and Ions • Atom • basic building block of all matter • Element • Substance that consists of only one type of atom. • Molecule has two different atoms. • Compound • substance that consists of more than one type of • element. • Ion • substance that has a positive or negative charge

Electron Cloud Nucleus Atoms Atoms have: • A nucleus • small, heavy part of the atom • An electron cloud • large, lightweight part of the atom

N N Nucleus of an Atom • Nucleus contains: • Protons • Have a positive charge • All atoms are distinguished by • the number of protons it • has (atomic number) N • Neutrons • Have no charge • Have same mass as protons

e- e- Electron Cloud of an Atom • An electron cloud contains: • Electrons • have a negative charge • are contained within shells of the electron cloud • orbit the nucleus of the atom • have a very small mass compared to protons and neutrons • determine bonding properties of substance

Neutron Proton Electron Atom Structure -1 +1 +1 -1

Hydrogen – 1 proton per atom Carbon – 6 protons per atom Elements Elements contain one or more of the same type of atom! Examples include: Oxygen – 8 protons per atom Copper – 29 protons per atom Gold – 79 protons per atom

Carbon Dioxide – CO2 (1 atom of carbon and two atoms of oxygen) • Water – H2O (2 atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen) Compounds Compounds contain more than one type of atom! Example of organic compound (a compound with carbon atoms): Example of inorganic compound (a compound with no carbon atoms):

- + IONS An ion is an atom or group of atoms with a positive or negative charge!! • A particle with a neutral charge has the same number of • protons and electrons. • An ion does not have the same number of electrons and protons. • Examples of ions: • He+ - A helium atom that is missing one electron. • The atom has one more proton than electron, • and must have a positive charge. • CO32- - Carbonate has two more electrons than protons

Andy the Hydrogen Atom Lets take a look deep inside

This is a Proton. Positive Charge weighs ONE Tells what type of atom it is GIRL

This is a Proton. Positive Charge weighs ONE Tells what type of atom it is GIRL This is a Neutron No Charge, Weighs One NUN (does not date)

This is an Electron No Weight Negative charge BOY This is a Proton. Positive Charge weighs ONE Tells what type of atom it is GIRL This is a Neutron No Charge, Weighs ONE NUN (does not date)

Now.... Listen to Mr. Kings ION dating game!

Element Guide

Element Guide 2

Element Guide Proton Number-tells what element it is. (also the atomic number) 2

Element Guide Proton Number-tells what element it is. (also the atomic number) 2 He

Element Guide Proton Number-tells what element it is. (also the atomic number) 2 Explains name of the element. He

Element Guide Proton Number-tells what element it is. (also the atomic number) 2 Explains name of the element. He 4

Element Guide Proton Number-tells what element it is. (also the atomic number) 2 Explains name of the element. He 4 Explains the total atomic weight-The number of protons PLUS the number of neutrons.

Atoms, Elements, Compounds, and Ions