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Chapter 15 Section 2

Chapter 15 Section 2. Properties of Matter. Properties of Matter. There are 2 types of properties of matter Physical properties Chemical properties. Physical Properties.

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Chapter 15 Section 2

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  1. Chapter 15 Section 2 Properties of Matter

  2. Properties of Matter • There are 2 types of properties of matter • Physical properties • Chemical properties

  3. Physical Properties • Physical properties = any characteristics of a material that you can observe without changing the identity of the material • Physical properties can be described by • Appearance • Measurement • Behavior

  4. Appearance • Color • Shape • Size

  5. Measurement • Size • Mass • Volume • Density • Temperature • Melting Point • Boiling Point

  6. Behavior • Magnetic? • Stretchy? • Bendable? • Viscosity? (A fluid’s resistance to flow)

  7. Physical Change • Physical change = Any change in size, shape, or state of matter in which the identity of the substance remains the same • Other examples of physical changes are freezing, boiling, evaporating, or condensing. • The identity of the element or compound does not change.

  8. Using Physical Change To Separate • Cold glass or ice? • Water or hydrogen peroxide? • Distillation – Process that can separate 2 substances in a mixture by evaporating a liquid and recondensing its vapor

  9. Chemical Properties and Changes • Chemical properties = Any characteristics of a substance that indicates whether it can undergo a certain chemical change • Is it flammable? • Does it rot? • Does it rust? • Chemical change = Change of one substance into a new substance

  10. Chemical Properties and Changes • Clues that a chemical reaction has taken place • Heat was given off • It became cooler • It formed bubbles • It formed a solid • The only sure proof that a chemical change has occurred is that a new substance was produced. • Chemical properties can also be used to separate materials.

  11. Weathering Physical Chemical • Large rocks splitting due to ice formations • Streams cutting through rock to form canyons • Formation of caves in limestone

  12. The Conservation of Mass • When you burn a piece of firewood, do you lose mass? • NO • Law of Conservation of Mass = The mass of all substances present before a chemical change equals the mass of all substances remaining after the change

  13. Using the Law of Conservation of Mass • When a chemical reaction takes place, the total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products. • If 18 g of hydrogen react completely with 633 g of chlorine, how many grams of HCl are formed? • H2 + Cl2 = 2HCl • Mass of H2+ mass of Cl2= mass of HCl • 18 g + 633 g = ? g • 651 g of HCl are formed • Complete the 2 practice problems on page 463

  14. Physical Change or Chemical Change? • glass breaking • mixing salt and water • hammering wood together • mixing oil and water • a rusting bicycle • water evaporating • melting butter • cutting grass • separate sand from gravel • burning leaves • bleaching your hair • fireworks exploding • frying an egg • cutting your hair • squeeze oranges for juice • crushing a can • melting ice • boiling water

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