1 / 26

Reaction Types

Reaction Types. Chemistry Dr. May. Single Displacement Reaction. A Compound and an element form a compound and an element C + A B  CB + A Zn + 2 H Cl  ZnCl 2 + H 2 . May I Have This Dance ?. Dancer C steps in to dance with B replacing A

tosca
Télécharger la présentation

Reaction Types

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Reaction Types Chemistry Dr. May

  2. Single Displacement Reaction • A Compound and an element form a compound and an element • C + AB CB + A • Zn + 2 HCl  ZnCl2 + H2 

  3. May I Have This Dance ? • Dancer C steps in to dance with B replacing A • C + AB  CB + A

  4. Zn + 2 HCl 2 Al + 6 HCl  Mg + 2 HNO3  Zn + H2SO4 ZnCl2 + H2 2 AlCl3+ 3 H2  Mg(NO3)2 + H2  ZnSO4+ H2  Single Displacement Reactions

  5. Cu + 2 AgNO3 2 Fe + 2 CuSO4 3 Al + 2 CuCl2  Mg + CuSO4  Cu(NO3)2 + 2 Ag Fe2(SO4)3+ 2 Cu 3 AlCl3 + 2 Cu MgSO4 + Cu Single Displacement Reactions

  6. Activity Series Will React With Acid Most Active Li, K, Ca, Na, Mg, Al, Zn, Cr, Fe,Ni, Sn, Pb H Cu, Hg, Ag, Pt, Au HCl + Zn  ZnCl2 + H2  Acid Will Not React With Acid Least Active

  7. Driving Force A single displacement reaction is driven by the electron affinity of the elements 2 AgNO3 + Cu  Cu(NO3)2 + 2 Ag 2 Ag+1 + 2 NO31 + Cu0  Cu+2 + 2 NO31 + 2 Ag0 Silver wants electrons more than copper 2 Ag+1 + Cu0  Cu+2 + 2 Ag0 Copper is oxidized and silver is reduced

  8. Double Displacement Reaction • Two compounds form two different compounds • AB + CD  AD + CB • HCl + KOH  KCl + HOH

  9. Let’s Trade Partners • Dancer A takes D and dancer C takes B • AB + CD  B + D  C CB + AD A

  10. HCl + NaOH  2 HCl + Ca(OH)2  2 KI + Pb(NO3)2  NH4Cl + KOH  NaCl + HOH CaCl2 + 2 HOH PbI2 + 2 KNO3 KCl + NH4OH Double Displacement Reactions

  11. Driving Double Displacement • Formation of a precipitate (AgCl ) • Formation of a non-ionized material (H2O) • Formation of a gas (CO2 )

  12. Formation of a precipitate AgNO3 + KCl  AgCl  + KNO3 Silver chloride precipitates from solution and drives the reaction to the right

  13. Formation of a non-ionized material HNO3 + KOH  HOH + KNO3 Water is covalently bonded and does not ionize, driving the reaction to the right.

  14. Formation Of A Gas 2 HNO3 + K2CO3 2 KNO3 + H2CO3 HOH + CO2  Carbonic Acid is unstable and decomposes to form water and carbon dioxide,driving the reaction to the right 

  15. No Reaction • If there is no driving force, • Then there is no reaction NaCl + KNO3 No Reaction Na+1 + Cl1 + K+1 + NO31  Na+1 + Cl1 + K+1 + NO31

  16. Synthesis Reaction • Two or more materials combine to form a new compound • A + B  AB • 2 H2 + O2  2 H2O

  17. Materials Combine • Two or more materials combine to form a new compound • 2 H2 + O2  2 H2O Hydrogen is oxidized (Loses electrons) Oxygen is reduced (Gains electrons)

  18. Na + Cl2  N2 + 3 H2  4 Na + O2  4 Fe + 3 O2  2 NaCl 2 NH3  2 Na2O 2 Fe2O3 Synthesis Reactions  Oxidized  Reduced  New Compound

  19. Decomposition Reactions • A compound breaks apart to form two or more new materials • AB  A + B • 2 KClO3  2 KCl + 3 O2

  20. Compounds Break Apart • A compound breaks apart to form two or more new materials • 2 KClO3  2 KCl + 3 O2

  21. H2CO3  NH4OH  H2O  CaCO3  H2SO4  H2O + CO2  H2O + NH3  H2  + O2  CaO + CO2  H2O + SO3  Decomposition Reactions

  22. Combustion Reactions • A hydrocarbon compound combines with oxygen to form CO2 plus H2O • CxHy + O2  CO2 + H2O • C3H8 + 5 O2  3 CO2 + 4 H2O

  23. Green House Gas Burning gasoline gives CO2 and H2O • C7H16 + 11 O2  7 CO2 + 8 H2O

  24. CH4 + 2 O2 2 C2H6 + 7 O2 C3H8 + 5 O2 2 C4H10 + 13 O2 C5H12 + 8 O2 CO2 + 2 H2O 4 CO2 + 6 H2O 3 CO2 + 4 H2O 8 CO2 + 10 H2O 5 CO2 + 6 H2O Combustion Reactions Natural Gas Propane Butane Jet Fuel

  25. Hydrocarbon Vs. Hydrogen Fuel 2 H2 + O2  2 H2O C5H12 + 8 O2  5 CO2 + 6 H2O  Water is the only product  Forms lots of greenhouse gas

  26. The End • This presentation was created for the benefit of our students by the Science Department at Howard High School of Technology • Please send suggestions and comments to rmay@nccvt.k12.de.us

More Related