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Types of Chemical Reactions

Types of Chemical Reactions. There are five basic types of chemical reactions: Synthesis Decomposition Single Replacement Double Replacement Combustion Five Major Classes of Reactions. Synthesis reactions happen when two or more substances combine to form one compound. A + B  AB

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Types of Chemical Reactions

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  1. Types of Chemical Reactions • There are five basic types of chemical reactions: • Synthesis • Decomposition • Single Replacement • Double Replacement • Combustion • Five Major Classes of Reactions

  2. Synthesis reactions happen when two or more substances combine to form one compound. A + B  AB 2 Na + Cl2  2 NaCl Al + P  AlP Synthesis Reactions

  3. Magnesium and oxygen • Magnesium and Oxygen (shorter) • Iron and Sulfur • Zinc and Iodine

  4. Decomposition Reactions happen when one substance breaks down into two or more simpler substances. AB  A + B CaF2  Ca + F2 2 Fe2O3  4 Fe + 3 O2 Decomposition Reactions

  5. Hydrogen Peroxide decomposition • Simple Elephant Toothpaste • Old foamy (Elephant Toothpaste!) • Sad Gummy Bear • Decomposition of Potassium Chlorate and Sugar (at 1:22)

  6. Synthesis and Decomposition • Summary

  7. Single Replacement reactions happen when one element is replaced by another in a compound A + BC  AC + B Zn + CuCl  ZnCl + Cu MgO + Ca  Mg + CaO Single Replacement Reactions

  8. Copper (II) Chloride and Aluminum AND Copper (II) Chloride and Magnesium • Zinc and Hydrochloric acid • Exploding Egg

  9. Double Replacement reactions happen when two elements in a reaction exchange places with each other. AB + CD  AD + CB PbCl + KBr  PbBr + KCl HCl+Ca(OH)2H(OH)+CaCl2 Double Replacement Reactions

  10. Lead Nitrate and Potassium Iodide • Precipitation Reactions

  11. Combustion Reactions involve the burning (O2) of a hydrocarbon to form carbon dioxide and water. CXHY + O2 CO2 + H2O 2C2H6+7O24CO2 + 6H2O 2CH4 + 4O2 2CO2 + 4H2O Combustion Reactions

  12. Combustion of Alcohols • Fire It Up Reactions • Methane Bubbles • Budapest Combustion (long) • Plasma Bottle with Ethyl Alcohol

  13. Water Forming (Neutralization) • Carbon Snake • Sugar and Sulfuric Acid

  14. Things that Affect Reaction Rate • Some chemical reactions happen very quickly (explosions) while others occur quite slowly (rusting). • There are five factors that can increase the rate of a chemical reaction: • Increase the temperature • Increase the concentration • Increase the surface area • Increase the pressure • Add a catalyst

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