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Dynasties of China

Dynasties of China. By Cierra Houlihan . Qin Dynasty History . The Qin Dynasty was the first imperial dynasty of china that lasted from 221- 206 BCE. It’s founder was emperor Qin Shi Huang.

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Dynasties of China

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  1. Dynasties of China By Cierra Houlihan

  2. QinDynasty History • The Qin Dynasty was the first imperial dynasty of china that lasted from 221- 206 BCE. • It’s founder was emperor Qin Shi Huang. • Was popular when it first began but declined after Qin Shi Huang’s death. A huge rebellion occurred because people felt like they were being treated unfairly; this marked the ending of the Qin Dynasty to the Han Dynasty. • Had a harsh ruling system of rewards and punishments known as legalism. • Only lasted for fifteen years before the decline.

  3. Qin Shi Huang • Lived from 259-210 BCE. • Established the Qin Dynasty at 13 years of age. • Was the first emperor of China at this period of time. • Forced his people to work and was the founder of the Great Wall Of China. • Treated the masses very poorly and believed in a strict ruling system. • Burned books that he did not agree with as well as punishing people who disagreed with anything he has to say. • Only ruled for Fifteen years before passing away and being buried in his royal tomb which is believed to be in Xi’an, China along with clay Terracotta Soldiers.

  4. Religion • No one really knows the true religion of the Qin Dynasty, but it is said to be Taoism (currently known as Daoism) as well as Shen. • Shen Translates to “Spirits” • Polytheistic- Doesn’t believe in a God, but believes in Demons, Spirits, Devine Beings, Etc. • Influenced greatly by Buddhism. • Believe in “going with the flow”, Selflessness, Embracing Mystery, Detachment, and Letting Life Unravel without over thinking things or resistance.

  5. Social Order • Followed Social Order: Emperor, Civil Servants, Peasants, Merchants, then Soldiers. • The Emperor has complete control over the land and the people. Civil Servants work for the Emperor by collecting taxes, enforcing laws, and judging court cases. They are a high class because they can read and write and serve the Emperor. • Peasants are so high up in class because Qin Shi Huang gave them the job of providing food for people by farming. They are considered the backbone of the culture. • Merchants are lower than Peasants because they collect profit from other people’s labor. • Soldiers are the lowest class because they serve the masses by putting their lives on the line to defend society. Therefore, they are viewed as servants, placing them in the lowest class.

  6. Economic Reformation • Qin Shi Huang abolished the concept of owning land and made the rulers of other kingdoms slaves so no one would threaten his power. • He enforced high taxes which went towards building large palaces for himself and the governors. • He also centralized all political and economical power to ensure he had absolute ruling. • The government undertook many public projects such as the composition of the Great Wall of China. This provided jobs for people who wanted labor, as well as forced labor upon people.

  7. Zhou Dynasty History • This dynasty lasted from 1100-221 BCE, it is split into two periods. The Western Zhou (11th century-770 BCE) and the Eastern Zhou (771-221 BCE). • Is known as the longest dynasty in Chinese history. • Originated from the Zhou Clan, a nomadic tribe who became especially powerful in the 11 century after defeating the Shang. • The Mandate of Heaven was established during this time as well as the use of iron.

  8. Religion • They were polytheistic. • Religion in the Zhou Dynasty was very abstract. It focused mostly on Heaven. They worshiped their loved ones who have died. But didn’t necessarily worship a God. • They believed that the human body had two souls: the soul that goes to heaven after death, the hun, and the one that stays with the body after it is buried, the po. • The hun becomes a spirit (shen), while the po becomes a ghost (gui) staying with the corpse.

  9. Economic Reformation • Had a Decentralized type of government. • Believed in Feudalism. Feudalism was a system where if you did something, you would get something in return. • Gave lands to feudal lords who were loyal, if you were found disloyal, you would be executed immediately • Power and responsibility was shared and not all given to the king which made him more liked than the Qin Emperor.

  10. Chinese Culture • A standard meal would be made up of Fan (gains and other starches) and Cai (vegetable and meat dishes). • They celebrated spring with a festival.  It was celebrated during spring to welcome a good harvest and good fortune. Young men and women would pair up to sing and danced. • The dragon was a sign of good luck as well as fireworks to ward off evil spirits. • Family, children, and marriage play an important role in Chinese culture . • The male is responsible for providing, decision making, and protecting his family. • The female usually stays home to care for the kids and keep the house clean.

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