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Ultrasonic Inspection of Concrete Structures: Achievements and Perspectives

Learn about the modern advancements and applications of ultrasonic inspection in concrete and ferroconcrete structures, including equipment for flaw detection, tomography, and strength evaluation. Discover the advantages and features of our equipment for concrete testing.

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Ultrasonic Inspection of Concrete Structures: Achievements and Perspectives

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  1. Modern achievements and perspectives of ultrasonic inspection of concrete and ferroconcrete structures

  2. ABOUT US

  3. Background information • Year of foundation - 1991 • 20 years anniversaryin 2011. • Field of Activity • Development and serial production of manual ultrasonic devices for nondestructive testing of materials • Development and production of automated control devices • R&D activities • Personnel • Doctors of science – 2 • Candidates of science – 2 • Engineering skills – 50 • Web site • www.acsys.ru

  4. 12 types of manual devices, automated systems, accessories : • ULTRASONIC THICKNESS gages • A1207, A1208, A1209, A1210 – ultrasonic thickness gages for testing metals and plastic with liquid contact • A1270 – EMA thickness gage for metals • ULTRASONIC FLAW DETECTORS • A1212 MASTER / A1214 EXPERT – ultrasonic general purpose flaw detectors • A1550 IntroVisor – ultrasonic flaw detector-tomographwith digitally focused antenna array • EQUIPMENT FOR CONCRETE TESTING • UK1401M Surfer – ultrasonic concrete tester • A1220 MONOLITH EyeCon– ultrasonic flaw detector • A1040 MIRA – ultrasonic tomograph • AUTOMATED SCANNERS-FLAW DETECTORS • А2075 SoNet – search of stress-corrosion cracking and flaws in the tube body • А2051 ScaUT – inspection of welding joints and near joint area

  5. General tasks about ultrasonic testing ofconcrete

  6. Concrete as an object of inspection • HETEROGENEOUS MATERIAL with strong structural noise • STRUCTURAL COMPLEXITY of the object of control (reinforcement, channels and etс. inside the object) • BIG AREA of the object • Most of the objects are in service • Strong influence of professionalism and experience of the engineer • Originality and specificity of every object of inspection

  7. Goals of inspection • Data collection about the inner structure of the object of inspection or a part ofit due to lack of information • Estimation of the real state of the inner structure in comparison to the documentation • Estimation of the state and level of damage of the object because of load during service • Correspondence of the inner structure to the description in the documents • Search of flaws appeared during construction

  8. Ultrasound as a method of inspection • Visualization ofthe inner structure and easiness of result interpretation • Less sensitivity to close laid reinforcement (in comparison with GPR) • Realization of different testing methods (echo-pulse method, through sounding method, surface sounding method) • Low frequency of inspection – frequency band 20-150 kHz • Strong dependence of attenuation from frequency • Size of flaws and distances are comparable to the wave length ( ~ 2 – 25 sm) • Unreliable acoustic contact through liquid

  9. Technologies applied for concrete inspection Transducers with dry point contact DPC On diagrams: L – longitudinal wave T – Shear wave

  10. Advantagesof equipment forconcrete inspection • Inspection with one-side access to the object • Dry acoustic contact • Possibility to set sounding base for more accurate calculations • Inspection without special preparation of the surface • Stable acoustic contact even on rough and uneven surfaces • Good signal/noise ratio while using antenna arrays • Antenna array elements are spring-loaded which allows to work on surfaces with roughness curvature radius up to 8 mm

  11. Features of equipment for concrete inspection • Small sizes and weight • Easy to use • Modern functionality • Ergonomic design • Dust and water resistance IP65 • All accessories in delivery kit • Easy to use in complex and straitened conditions • Easy to store and carry

  12. Equipment for concrete inspection Flaw detector A1220 Monolith EyeCon Tester UK1401Surfer Tomograph A1040 МIRA

  13. Ultrasonic tester UK1401 Surfer • Measures speed / time of ultrasound in material • Estimates concrete strength • Estimation of porosity and fissuring of concrete • Estimation of the loading capacity of concrete piers and columns • Estimated measuring the depth of crackscoming to the surface • Dry acoustic contact • Built-in transducers • Embedded memory for 4000 measurings • Connection with PC • Small sizes and weight PatentRF № 2082163

  14. Concrete strength evaluation: Ultrasonic tester UK1401Surfer • Concrete strength is estimated by calibration dependence: time / speed of ultrasound spreading – concrete strength • Faster concrete strength evaluation while testing of big objects

  15. Flaw detection and tomography of concrete • Searching for foreign inclusions, interstices and cracks inside constructions of ferroconcrete, rock and similar materials with one-side access • Measuring the thickness of concrete structures Flaw detector A1220 Monolith EyeCon Tomograph A1040 МIRA

  16. Ultrasonic flaw detectorA1220 Monolith EyeCon • Dry acoustic contact • One-side access to the testing object • 24-element antenna array • Echo-pulse method of inspection • Measuring concrete thickness up to 600 mm • Different modes of results presentation • Software for reconstruction of B-, C-, D-Scans • Embedded memory for 200 A-Scans • Small weight, only 750 grams • Operation temperature range from -20to +45 ̊ С • Sizes of detectable flaws: • diam.30 mm – cylindrical image of the flaw • diam.50 mm – spherical image of the flaw PatentRF № 2080592

  17. Applying A1220 Monolith EyeCon Concrete block 800  400  400 mm (filler – granite, 20 mm) A1220 MONOLITH +SoftwarePlaneVisor (30 positions of the antenna array with a step 20mm along the block) Side drillings: diameter 30 mm, depth 130 mm; diameter 13 mm, depth 55 and 160 mm

  18. Applying A1220 Monolith EyeCon Underground parking wall Thickness 300 mm Scanning step 40 mm Area of porous concrete – near the surface

  19. ApplyingA1220 Monolith EyeCon Inspection of the King bell in the Holy Trinity-St. Sergius Lavra Material – bronze, thickness of the wall 400 mm, weight 72 tons, height 4,5 meters Searching for inner flaws of casting. Flaws weren`t found

  20. ApplyingA1220 Monolith EyeCon Through sounding • Two 12-element transducers with dry point contact M2103 and M2102 • Used to find flaws on big thicknesses

  21. Tomograph A1040 МIRA Purpose: • Flaw detection and thickness measuring of objects of concrete, ferroconcrete and rock with on-side access • Determining the integrity of the construction`s material, searching forforeign inclusions, interstices, voids, exfoliations and cracks • Estimating state of the channels with stressed reinforcement in ferroconcrete bridges

  22. Tomograph A1040 МIRA Features: • Wear-resistant points of transducers with dry point contact • Big and bright TFT • Light shockproof body • Adaptation of the antenna array tothe unevenness of the construction`s surface • 3D presentation of the inner structure of the object of control and В-, С-, D-, tomograms of any section of the object

  23. Tomograph A1040 МIRA Advantages: • Easy to use • Visualization of the inner structure of the testing object with one-side access • High efficiency – reconstruction of one tomogram takes 3 seconds • High accuracy of measurements and sensitivity to different reflectors • No special training is needed

  24. Tomograph A1040 МIRA System description: • Matrix antenna array with 48 low frequency shear wave transducers (12 measuring blocks with 4 elements each) • Independent spring load • Rated frequency of the antenna array 50 kHz • Built-in computer for data processing during work, showing results on the screen and saving to the memory • Specialized software for extended data processing and building 3D models of the object

  25. Tomograph A1040 МIRA Data collecting in one position of the antenna array:

  26. Tomograph A1040 МIRA Testing peculiarities: • Testing is done step-by-step scanning along a drawn grid with fixed step with further joining the data and reconstructing the whole scanned volume of the scanned object • Sizes of found discontinuity flaws: • diam.12 mm – cylindrical flaw image • diam.20 mm – spherical flaw image

  27. Tomograph A1040 МIRA Data processing: • Representation of В,С, D-tomograms • Showing flaw coordinates and signal levels in any point of the reconstructed image • Different views of representing the reconstructed image • Compensation of the surface wave allows to a pure image in the close zone • 3D-model of the inner structure of the object • Saving the initial data array with control parameters

  28. Tomograph A1040 МIRA Special software: • I-DEAL View software for extended data processing on a PC • The program allows reading data from the device and showing it in a form of tomograms and 3D model, which eases understanding the configuration of the inner structure of the testing object

  29. Applying Tomograph A1040 МIRA Concrete block 800  400  400 mm (filler – granite, 20 mm) A1040 MIRA 4 positions of the A1040 MIRA with 80 mm step along the block Side drillings: diameter 30 mm, depth 130 mm; diameter 13 mm, depth 55 and 160 mm

  30. ApplyingTomograph A1040 МIRA • Testing ground of «Tunnels and subways» Scanning step 50 mm Searching for voids behind the tubings concrete air air

  31. ApplyingTomograph A1040 МIRA Inspection of a bridge plate: 10 cm thick, with 5-7 layers of reinforcement

  32. ApplyingTomograph A1040 МIRA Inspection of a bridge plate: 10 cm thick, with 5-7 layers of reinforcement • Stable ground signal (with a second re-reflection) • In the near ground area flaws a present: bad contact between concrete and reinforcement, voids of concrete Core: bad zone good zone

  33. ApplyingTomograph A1040 МIRA Inspection of a bridge plate: 10 cm thick, with 5-7 layers of reinforcement • Thickness decrease from 100 mm to 50 mm is observed • Second ground signal repeats the first one, proving the thinning of the plate

  34. ApplyingTomograph A1040 МIRA Inspection of a ferroconcrete plate 300 mm thick, with an artificial drilling • On the photo images of the reinforcement bars are seen, • situated on a depth of 50 mm • from the surface of scanning. • On the 200 mm depth a cylindrical image • of a drilling100mm long is received. • Ground signal is seen on the depth of 300 mm from • the scanning surface.

  35. ApplyingTomograph A1040 МIRA Inspection of the fireproof blocks of a bulb-blowing oven Blocks of the inner facing of a bulb-blowing oven, material “Bacor” (fireproof), block sizes 1700 х 400 х 250 mm On the photo a tomogram of the inner structure of a block is shown in 3 mutually perpendicular planes. A cylindrical flaw was found 750 mm long on a depth of 130 mm from the scanning surface, 80 mm in diameter.

  36. RESUME • Our company provides a wide range of equipment for nondestructive testing of objects of concrete and ferroconcrete. • Thanks to unique patented technologies (DPC) and a special construction of the transducers our devices allow to test without contact liquid with one-side access to the object with rough uneven surfaces, which gives an advantage while testing objects in service. • Realization different testing methods (surface, through sounding, echo-method) and using mathematical models of data processing allows to solve a wide range of tasks of inspection.

  37. Thank you for your attention

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