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MLA Format

MLA Format. In-Text Citation Basics. Basic Rules. Cite in-text based upon the source medium. Is your source print? Web? Interview?

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MLA Format

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  1. MLA Format In-Text Citation Basics

  2. Basic Rules Cite in-text based upon the source medium. Is your source print? Web? Interview? In-text citations must correspond to the information on the Works Cited page. Whatever signal word or phrase you use in the text should be the first word in the corresponding Works Cited entry. Let’s look at some examples.

  3. Author-Page Style MLA format follows the author-page method of in-text citation. This means that the author's last name and the page number(s) from which the quotation or paraphrase is taken must appear in the text, and a complete reference should appear on the Works Cited page. The author's name may appear either in the sentence itself or in parentheses following the quotation or paraphrase, but the page number(s) should always appear in the parentheses, not in the text of your sentence.

  4. Let’s look at some examples: Wordsworth stated that Romantic poetry was marked by a "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" (263). Romantic poetry is characterized by the "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" (Wordsworth 263). Wordsworth extensively explored the role of emotion in the creative process (263).

  5. What would the Works Cited entry look like? Wordsworth, William. Lyrical Ballads. London: Oxford U.P., 1967. Print. Author’s Name.Title of Book.Place of Publication: Publisher, Date. Medium.

  6. What do I do if I do not have an author name for my source? • Use a shortened title of the work instead of an author name. Be sure to punctuate the title in the parenthetical citation. We see so many global warming hotspots in North America likely because this region has “more readily accessible climatic data and more comprehensive programs to monitor and study environmental change . . . ” (“Impact of Global Warming” 6).

  7. Make sure the in-text citation matches the Works Cited entry. “The Impact of Global Warming in North America.” GLOBAL WARMING: Early Signs. 1999. Web. 23 Mar. 2009. Author’s Name.Title of Article. Title of Website, Book or Project. Date Published. Medium. Date Accessed.

  8. If there is no publication information… MLA requires the use of special abbreviations to indicate that this information is not available. Use n.p. to indicate that neither a publisher nor a sponsor name has been provided. Use n.d. when the web page does not provide a publication date.

  9. Info to Note While Researching Electronic Sources Author and/or editor names (if available) Article name in quotation marks (if applicable) Title of the Website, project, or book in italics. (Remember that some Print publications have Web publications with slightly different names. They may, for example, include the additional information or otherwise modified information, like domain names [e.g. .com or .net].) Any version numbers available, including revisions, posting dates, volumes, or issue numbers.

  10. Info Continued Publisher information, including the publisher name and publishing date. Take note of any page numbers (if available). Medium of publication. Date you accessed the material. URL (if required, or for your own personal reference; MLA does not require a URL).

  11. Other Scenarios Authors with Same Last Name Multiple Authors Multiple Works by Same Author Multivolume Works Multiple Citations Visit Purdue OWL for help with these scenarios and for help with the Works Cited page.

  12. When a Citation is Not Needed Common sense and ethics should determine this. There is no need to give sources for familiar proverbs, well-known quotations, or common knowledge. Keep your audience in mind when deciding what is “common knowledge.”

  13. Now, let’s take a look at a Works Cited page. The Purdue OWL Family of Sites. The Writing Lab and OWL at Purdue and Purdue U, 2008. Web. 23 Apr. 2008.

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