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Introduction and Unit Overview

This unit explores the vital role of Community Emergency Response Teams (CERTs) in fire safety, emphasizing their responsibilities in extinguishing small fires, preventing further incidents, and assisting with evacuations. Participants will learn about the fire triangle, different classes of fire, and how to reduce hazards in homes and workplaces. The course covers essential size-up techniques, safety precautions, and the proper use of fire extinguishers. By understanding these concepts, CERT members can enhance community safety and effectively respond to fire emergencies.

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Introduction and Unit Overview

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  1. Introduction and Unit Overview The role of CERTs in fire safety: • Put out small fires. • Prevent additional fires. • Shutoff utilities • Assist with evacuations where necessary.

  2. Unit Objectives • Explain the role of CERTs in fire safety. • Identify and reduce potential fire risks in the home and workplace. • Conduct a basic sizeup for a fire emergency. • Understand basic safety precautions. • Identify hazardous materials in the home and community. • Extinguish small fires using a fire extinguisher.

  3. The Fire Triangle • Heat • Fuel • Oxygen

  4. Fire Chemistry Classes of fire: • A: Ordinary combustibles • B: Flammable and combustible liquids • C: Energized electrical equipment • D: Combustible metals

  5. Reducing Fire Hazards in Home and Workplace • Avoid the “electrical octopus.” • Don’t run cords under carpets. • Replace broken or frayed cords. • Maintain appliances.

  6. Reducing Fire Hazards in Home and Workplace • Install a natural gas detector. • Locate and label gas shutoffs.

  7. Reducing Fire Hazards in Home and Workplace • Read labels. • Use L.I.E.S. storage procedures (Limit, Isolate, Eliminate, Separate).

  8. CERT sizeup Answer these questions: • Can my buddy and I fight the fire safely? • Do we have the right equipment? • Are there other hazards? • Is the building structurally damaged? • Can we escape?

  9. CERT Sizeup • Gather Facts. • Assess Damage. • Consider Probabilities. • Assess Your Situation. • Establish Priorities. • Make Decisions. • Develop Plans of Action . • Take Action. • Evaluate Progress.

  10. Firefighting Resources Resources available: • Portable fire extinguishers • Wet standpipes • Confinement • “Creative” resources

  11. Types of Fire Extinguishers • Water • Dry chemical • Carbon dioxide • Specialized fire extinguisher

  12. Trigger Pull Pin Gage Carrying Handle Hose Label & Directions ABC Cylinder

  13. Extinguishing Fire Type AGENT METHOD Water Foam Removes air & heat A Breaks Chain Reaction Dry Chem. Removes air FOAM/CO2 B Breaks Chain Reaction Dry Chem./ Halon C Special Agents Usually removes air D Types

  14. Deciding to use a Fire Extinguisher Ask these Questions • Can I escape quickly and safely from the area if I attempt to extinguish the fire? (The first priority for you and your buddy is safety.) • Do I have the right type of extinguisher? • Is the extinguisher large enough for the fire? • Is the area free from other dangers, such as hazardous materials and falling debris?

  15. P.A.S.S. PULL AIM SQUEEZE SWEEP P.A.S.S Test the extinguisher before approaching any fire.

  16. Fire Suppression Safety Do: • Use safety equipment. • Work in a buddy system. • Have a backup team. • Have two ways to exit. • Maintain a safe distance. • Overhaul the fire.

  17. Fire Suppression Safety DON’T • Try to suppress large fires. • Get too close. • Fight it alone. • Enter smoke-filled areas.

  18. Hazardous Materials . . . • Corrode other materials • Explode or are easily ignited • React strongly with water • Are unstable when exposed to heat or shock • Are toxic to humans, animals, or the environment

  19. Identifying Stored Hazardous Materials

  20. FLAMMABLE 4 2 Extremely Ignites when moder- HEALTH REACTIVE flammable ately heated 4 May detonate 1 4 3 Must be preheat- Too dangerous Ignites at -- Vacate area if ed to burn to enter vapor normal materials are ex- 0 or liquid temper- Will not posed to fire atures 3 burn Strong shock or heat 3 Extremely dangerous-- may detonate--Use Use full protective monitors from behind clothing explosion resistant barriers 2 2 Hazardous--Use Violent chemical breathing apparatus change possible-- Use hose streams 1 Slightly hazardous from distance W 1 Unstable if heated -- 0 Use normal precautions Like ordinary material 0 Normally stable of water Avoid use WHITE Identifying Stored Hazardous Materials NFPA 704 Diamond-White Quadrant: W Shows unusual reactivity with water OX Possesses oxidizing properties

  21. Red & Orange Red White Red White White Blue Yellow Black & Red & Yellow & White White White Identifying Hazardous Materials in Transit

  22. Symbol Symbol Chemical Number Name 1203 3 Chemical Class Chemical Class Identifying Hazardous Materials in Transit

  23. Flammable Liquid Fire (Safety Officer) Student No. 1 Instructor No. 1 Student No. 2 (Back-Up) Wind Observers

  24. FIRE SUPPRESSION EXERCISE

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