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The World of the 1920s

The World of the 1920s. Prosperity. Productivity up Wages rise ¼ Corporate profit rise 2x as much 40% of Americans still in poverty. The New Economy. Mechanization affects farm, factory workers Growth of education, retail, professions. Business Fights Unions. “welfare capitalism”

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The World of the 1920s

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  1. The World of the 1920s

  2. Prosperity • Productivity up • Wages rise ¼ • Corporate profit rise 2x as much • 40% of Americans still in poverty

  3. The New Economy • Mechanization affects farm, factory workers • Growth of education, retail, professions

  4. Business Fights Unions • “welfare capitalism” • “open shop” • Pinkertons

  5. Women’s Movement Splits • Black feminists want racial equality • Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) controversy

  6. The Nativist Nation • “100% Americanism” • Fear of radicals, foreigners • KKK: 3 million members • Founding of ACLU

  7. Who Is White? • Immigration Act of 1924 • Restricts non-European immigration w/ quotas • US v. Thind(1923)

  8. Morality in the Jazz Age • The flapper • Speakeasies • Black music, white audiences • “Scopes Monkey trial”

  9. The Many Faces of Black America • Durham, NC – the “black Wall Street” • 1 million leave South • Join educated migrants from West Indies in Harlem

  10. Harlem Renaissance • “The New Negro” • Langston Hughes • Marcus Garvey • Jamaican migrant • Back to Africa movement • Convicted of mail fraud in 1923

  11. “The Business of America Is Business”

  12. Herbert Hoover and the Crisis of Individualism • Engineer • Self-made man • Led food relief during WWI • Secretary of Commerce

  13. Election of 1928 • Republican Hoover against Dem. Al Smith of NYC • Smith = Catholic • Hoover wins w/ 58% of vote

  14. October 29, 1929 – “Black Tuesday”

  15. Crash • $10 billion disappears in 1 day • Banks fail • Families lose savings • 25% unemployment by 1932

  16. The Bonus Army under attack in DC

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