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LISTENING

LISTENING. Do you hear what I hear?. LISTENING. The deliberate, psychological process by which we receive, understand, and retain aural stimuli. HEARING VS LISTENING. HEARING IS A BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY, BASED IN THE MECHANISMS OF THE EARS, PASSIVE IN NATURE.

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LISTENING

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  1. LISTENING Do you hear what I hear?

  2. LISTENING The deliberate, psychological process by which we receive, understand, and retain aural stimuli.

  3. HEARING VS LISTENING • HEARING IS A BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY, BASED IN THE MECHANISMS OF THE EARS, PASSIVE IN NATURE • LISTENING IS A COGNITIVE ACTIVITY, REQUIRING EFFORT AND ENERGY

  4. SELECTION IN LISTENING • SELECTIVE EXPOSURE – DO WE EXPOSE OURSELVES TO WHAT WE DON’T WANT TO HEAR? • SELECTIVE ATTENTION – TO WHAT DO WE “TUNE”? • SELECTIVE PERCEPTION – WE HEAR WHAT WE WANT TO HEAR • SELECTIVE RETENTION – WHAT DO WE CHOOSE TO RETAIN IN MEMORY?

  5. Levels or Types of Listening • Discriminative • Appreciative • Comprehensive • Critical • Therapeutic (empathic)

  6. INEFFECTIVE LISTENERS • Pseudolisteners (fraudulent) • Monopolistic listeners • Completers • Selective listeners • Avoiders • Defensive listeners • Attackers

  7. Guidelines for Improving Listening Page 177

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