Nazi Persecution of Jews: Changing Lives, Discrimination, and Kristallnacht

1. Thinking Point Write down what you think this picture shows.

2. Treatment of Jews and Other ‘Undesirables’ Lesson starter: ‘’Nobody knows why Hitler hated the Jews so much.’’ Write down some of the reasons historians have given for Hitler’s hatred of Jews.

3. We are learning to… • Describe the Nazi Party’s views on race. • Identify the ways in which the Nazis discriminated against the Jewish population. I can… • Create a timeline outlining the impact of Nazi policy on Jews. • Explain how life changed for persecuted groups using my knowledge in a N5 answer.

4. Hitler had used Mein Kampf to write down his ideas about the Jewish Race. • He believed there were superior races such as Aryans. • These were fair skinned people like Germans. • Jews and people from Balkan countries (ie Serbia) were far below Aryans in his ideas. • Untermensch = sub human • He also believed people were Jewish by blood, so they could not change this.

5. Hitler wanted to get rid of all the people he hated. • Hitler provided reasons for the groups he hated – but they were prejudiced views. • He built on existing anti-Semitism in Germany. • He blamed the Jews for bad times in Germany’s past.

6. Jews • Hitler believed they were responsible for Germany losing WWI. • He said they created Communism. • That they were rich and ruthless. • That they made Germany weak and brought nothing to the country.

7. How did life change for German Jews?

8. Stage 1 Petty Harrassment

9. Mainly public discrimination • 1 April 1933 – boycott of Jewish businesses • Burning of Jewish books • Many Jews made to leave their jobs and army • Anti-Jewish propaganda • Children’s games were anti-Jewish • Yellow park benches • Jews encouraged to leave Germany without their possessions • 1934 – all Jewish businesses identified with ‘Juden’ on window

12. Stage 2 Nuremberg Laws

13. Nuremberg Laws 1935 • Took away German citizenship from Jews • Marriage between Jews and Aryans illegal • Jewish businesses disbanded • Jewish doctors, lawyers not allowed to have Aryan clients • Jews had a J stamped on their passports • Aryan women under 45 not allowed to work for Jews

15. Stage 3 Kristallnacht

16. KristallnachtThe night of broken Glass • 9-10 November 1938 • The SS (Hitler’s Bodyguard) destroyed Jewish shops, businesses and synagogues across Germany • 91 Jews killed • Around 20,000 sent to camps • 400 synagogues burnt down • Over 7500 Jewish shops destroyed • Nazis blame it on Jewish community and fine them 1 billion marks

22. Video clips • http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/nazi-book-burnings-remembered/7196.html • http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/kristallnacht/3278.html • http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/kristallnacht-remembered/7197.html

23. Timeline of Jewish persecution • You are going to create a timeline on a new double page • Start at 1 April 1933 • All the important events which persecuted the Jews can be found on pages 79-82 of the textbook in chronological order • Try to add in how each change/ law altered the lives of Jewish people

24. Timeline of Persecution 1933 1939

25. 1933 1935 1938

26. Other Groups • Whilst many victims of Nazi persecution were Jewish, others were targeted. • Many scientists at this time believed that people with disabilities or social problems needed to be eliminated from the human bloodline. • They were also utterly racist and argued that some groups were ‘untermensch’.

27. Copy

28. Homework Task Due: • Explain why life became difficult for those targeted by the Nazis in Germany between 1933 and 1939. 6 marks • Describe the events of Kristallnacht 1938. 4 marks