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Rise of Dictators

Rise of Dictators. Germany Faces Economic Collapse. After WWI  economic despair (because of the Treaty of Versailles) Germans blames the Weimer Republic (their government) for their hardships. U.S. Response. U.S. Isolationism (No League of Nations) Loaned money to Germany.

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Rise of Dictators

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  1. Rise of Dictators

  2. Germany Faces Economic Collapse • After WWI economic despair (because of the Treaty of Versailles) • Germans blames the Weimer Republic (their government) for their hardships.

  3. U.S. Response • U.S. Isolationism (No League of Nations) • Loaned money to Germany

  4. The Rise of Hitler • Superior “Aryan” race-destined to control inferior races and to rule the world. • Hated Jews and Communists • Promised benefits to peasants, workers, and the middle class.

  5. The Rise of Hitler • Took control of all aspects of gov, outlawed political opposition, and censored dissent.

  6. The Rise of Hitler • Anti-Semitic Policies: • Forbidden in jobs • No citizenship • Banned marriages • All must register • Looted, arrested, murdered

  7. The Rise of Hitler • Promised economic recovery, and territorial expansion • Foreign and domestic strength • Rebuilt military • Increased taxes and controlled wages and prices

  8. U.S. Response • We were focused on our own recovery-not the stop of fascism or Nazism! • U.S. as a whole-STAY OUT! • Disarmament, arms control, and international agreements.

  9. Fascism in Italy • Italian Imperialism • Wanted to create an empire • Italy takes over Ethiopia (1935) • League of Nations doesn’t stop them (only offers sanctions)

  10. U.S. Response • Neutrality Acts of 1935- • Forbade the sale of arms to militarily aggressive nations • Prohibited American travel on ships of countries at war • No loans to countries at war

  11. The Rise of Militarism in Japan • Military-controlled government • Dictatorship • Tojo (General) & Hirohito (Emperor) • Build up military • Want to expand control in Asia • Allow no opposition

  12. The Rise of Militarism in Japan • In 1931-Japan attacks Manchuria (region of China) • Signed a military agreement with Italy and Germany-the Axis Powers (1936)

  13. The “Rape” of Nanjing, 1937 • Six-week rape and mass murder spree in Nanking (Nanjing), China by Japanese soldiers

  14. U.S. Response • Said harsh words but took no action!

  15. Hitler Violates the Treaty of Versailles • Reoccupies the Rhineland, 1936

  16. Hitler Violates the Treaty of Versailles • Hitler creates Luftwaffe, 1935

  17. Hitler Violates the Treaty of Versailles • 1938, moved into Austria and declared it part of Germany (annexed)

  18. Hitler Violates the Treaty of Versailles • Western European countries respond by NOT responding • U.S.—Not members of the League of Nations do not get involved • British Prime Minister, Neville Chamberlain fears Hitler and chooses appeasement

  19. The Munich Pact • Hitler and Chamberlain meet to discuss the Sudetenland. • Chamberlain appeased Hitler and gave him the land. • Hitler vowed that his conquests were over.

  20. U.S. Response • Roosevelt praised Chamberlain for maintaining peace.

  21. The Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact (1939) • Hitler wants Poland • Soviet Union shares a border with Poland • Stalin asks for help from Great Britain and France • They say no • Stalin is mad, signs a non aggression pact with Hitler so they will leave each other alone

  22. U.S. Response • Roosevelt attempts to send messages of peace to Italy and Germany, but without success.

  23. World War II Begins • Hitler invades Poland, September, 1939 • Great Britain and France declare war on Germany

  24. U.S. Response • “Cash and Carry” (1939)-the U.S. would help Britain and France if they purchased American arms with cash and transported them across the Atlantic.

  25. The Atlantic Charter • By 1940, Hitler was in control of much of Eastern Europe. • Great Britain was afraid • Winston Churchill (British new Prime Minister) and FDR meet on a warship to create a statement-the Atlantic Charter. • They pledged to seek no gains in territory and to support the right of all peoples to choose their own form of government.

  26. U.S. Response • Lend-Lease Act-Lend Great Britain supplies to fight off Hitler

  27. Bombing of Pearl HarborDecember 7, 1941

  28. Bombing of Pearl Harbor • Japan wished to expand, but the U.S. stood in the way. • U.S. naval and air forces were in the Pacific.

  29. U.S. Response • U.S.-Japan relations stopped when Japan joined the Axis powers • When Japan attacked Manchuria, U.S. stopped exporting fuel and metal to Japan. • U.S. moved their fleet to Hawaii to show readiness • After Pearl Harbor-DECLARE WAR!

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