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This research introduces novel techniques for identifying false paths in circuits, considering illegal states for improved accuracy. The methods employed are aimed at enhancing existing false path identification practices. The study includes experimental results from benchmark testing on critical paths. This work contributes to the development of more advanced false path identification methodologies.
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On Timing-Independent False Path Identification Feng Yuan, QiangXu Cuhk Reliable Computing Lab,The Chinese University of Hong Kong ICCAD 2010
Outline • Introduction • Preliminaries • False Path Examination • Method • Experimental Results & Conclusion
Outline • Introduction • Preliminaries • False Path Examination • Method • Experimental Results & Conclusion
Introduction • False Path • The test vector which cannot propagate in function mode. • Used in STA of timing-driven placement. • In manufacturing testing is unnecessary and may cause over-testing. • Optimization does not help to improve the performance of the circuit.
Introduction (cont.) • Kinds of False Path • Timing-don’t-care false paths • Path in async. clock domain crossovers • Timing-independent false paths • Logically unsensitizable in function mode • Delay-dependent false paths • Logically sensitizable but dominated by one or more side-input signals all the time
Outline • Introduction • Preliminaries • False Path Examination • Method • Experimental Results & Conclusion
Illegal State Identification • Previous Work[12]
False Path caused by Illegal State • If a path is activated only with illegal states in the circuit, this path is a false path.
Outline • Introduction • Preliminaries • False Path Examination • Method • Experimental Results & Conclusion
Controlling Signal 0 1 0 1 x x 1 0 x x x x
Criterion • A path is a timing-independent false path iff there exist at least one on-path signal such that when it is a non-controlling value, one or more of its corresponding side-input signals are with controlling values in function mode. • Meet some illegal state?
Criterion (cont.) • A path is not a timing-independent false path iff there any on-path signal such that when it is a non-controlling value, one or more of its corresponding side-input signals are with non-controlling values in function mode.
Path Sensitizaton • Given a path P, to determine whether it is a timing-independent false path. • Propagate logic ‘0’and ‘1’ at launch point.
Proposed Examination Procedure • Phantom logic AND gate • Use AND gates and inverters to represent the illegal states. • Set output of AND gates to be logic ‘0’
Outline • Introduction • Preliminaries • False Path Examination • Method • Experimental Results & Conclusion
Find False Path • The number of false paths is exponential to circuit size. • Find the root cause structures • Prime False path segment
Static Implication Learning • Consider illegal state: {FF0(1), FF2(1)} • Conduct implication for the inverse values of FF0(0), FF2(0) independently • FF0(0)=>B(0)=>G(0) • FF2(0)=>A(0)=>C(1)=>D(0)=>F(1) • Use counter-positive low
Suspicious Node Extraction • Suspicious Node • Starting point of S-Frontier • All the possible false segments can be detect. • The selected points are as less as possible. • Affect Node • The nodes have implications after Static Implication Learning. • Not all the affect nodes need to consider as the starting points.
S-Frontier Propagation • Do a BFS process to launch nodes with 0(1) • Created at each suspicious node • Launch 0(1) and propagate to new node • Add the implication and check if meet the illegal state. • Check the starting pointis already in existing falsepath segment to avoidfinding the same segment.
Outline • Introduction • Preliminaries • False Path Examination • Method • Experimental Results & Conclusion
Experiment Results • Benchmark • ISCAS’89 • IWLS 2005 • Environment • 2GHz PC • 1GB memory • Competitor • [5] Fast Identification of Untestable Delay Faults Using Implications
Experiment Results (cont.) • Use PrimeTime to fetch 5000 critical paths • Worse Case Delay(WCD) • Report the true critical paths delay
Experiment Results (cont.) • Use academic ATPG tool Atalanta [7] • Check whether we can find a solution to activate them.
Conclusion • Develop novel false path identification techniques by taking illegal states in the circuit into consideration. • The proposed solution find much more false paths than existing FPI techniques.