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Overview of Nervous System: Reception, Transduction, Response, and Neuron Structure

This guide explores the fundamental processes of the nervous system, focusing on the reception of signals, transduction into electrical impulses, and the corresponding biological responses. We delve into the structure of neurons, the roles of glial cells, and the significance of ion channels (sodium and potassium) in action potential generation. Additionally, we compare the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) and discuss the evolution of the nervous system in animals. Understanding these concepts is crucial for studying biology and neuroscience.

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Overview of Nervous System: Reception, Transduction, Response, and Neuron Structure

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Presentation Transcript

  1. AP Biology Nervous Systems Part 1

  2. Step 1: Reception

  3. Step 2: Transduction

  4. Step 3: Response

  5. –92 mV +62 mV Inner chamber Outer chamber Inner chamber Outer chamber 150 mM NaCl 150 mM KCl 15 mM NaCl 5 mM KCl Ions and Energy Cl– K+ Na+ Cl– Sodium channel Potassium channel Artificial membrane

  6. Evolution of a Nervous system in Animals

  7. Overview of the Nervous System

  8. CNS vs. PNS

  9. Neuron structure

  10. Synapse and Neurotransmitter

  11. Glial Cells(Like a house frame … but for a brain

  12. Schwann Cells OR Oligiodendrocytes Nodes of Ranvier Layers of myelin Axon Schwann cell Schwann cell Nucleus of Schwann cell Nodes of Ranvier Axon Myelin sheath 0.1 µm

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