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The Rise and Fall of Rome: From Republic to Empire and Its Impact on Religion

Explore the fascinating journey of Rome from a small city-state under a monarchy to a powerful republic that eventually became an empire. Discover how Rome's strategic location in the Mediterranean, its rich farmland, and the establishment of the Twelve Tables shaped its society and laws. Learn about the Punic Wars and the events leading to the collapse of the republic, including civil wars and the rise of Julius Caesar. Finally, understand the transformation of Rome with the spread of Christianity under Emperor Constantine and its lasting influence on Western civilization.

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The Rise and Fall of Rome: From Republic to Empire and Its Impact on Religion

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  1. Roman Republic/Empire Rome Holy land of the Ancient Hebrew Where it all began Izydorczak

  2. Advantage’s of Rome’s location? • Peninsula • Midpoint of Mediterranean Sea • Vast rich farmland This is the direct opposite of Greece Izydorczak

  3. Rome began as a city state with a monarch. In 509 B.C., Romansoverthrew the Etruscan king (tyrant) Izydorczak

  4. Rex part of the official title of a king Izydorczak

  5. Republic Vote for Representative System of Government where the people have the power to work and choose leaders Izydorczak

  6. Izydorczak

  7. 2 executive consuls 12 Stone Tablets in forum 5 1 Peoples All ___________ have the right to vote Appointed by citizens Written on Assembly 4 Senate Can Real power of important decisions Veto Laws made by senate Made up of Always maintain A.K.A. 2 Patricians/ Patrons Struggle for power with 3 Are Protect & Control Plebeians Tribune of the people Gets Power by Land-owning Aristocracy Clients Could not Strikes & Refusals To do duty Are Made up of Allow Hold public Office for Marry patricians Poor/Slaves/ Newcomers Patrons Status and influence Citizen Farmers/ traders Izydorczak

  8. What is the Significance of the Twelve Tables? Two codes of law studied so far? • The Foundation of Roman Law • Settled dispute between Patricians and Plebeians • The Earliest Surviving piece of Literature coming from the Romans. • Held the Society together Twelve Tables & Hammurabi's Code Izydorczak

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  11. Punic Wars Izydorczak

  12. Punic Wars • 1st War: Rome wins and gains Sicily • 2nd War: Hanibal crosses the Alps and invades Italy. He does much damage but is unable to take Rome • 3rd War: Roman Politicians convince the Roman military to attack Carthage. • Carthage is destroyed • The people are killed or sold into slavery • - Romans pour salt on the fields to make them barren Izydorczak

  13. Republic Collapses • Rome’s victory in Carthage brought conflict between the rich and poor in Rome (Civil War) • Triumvirate (three leaders) formed. • Civil War between three leaders • Generals are popular with discontented (unhappy) citizens • Julius Caesar made reforms and increased his popularity Izydorczak

  14. Republic Collapses • Julius Caesar wins civil war and becomes absolute ruler • Members fear that he is becoming to powerful, kill him • Augustus, Caesar’s nephew take over power Izydorczak

  15. Roman Empire Octavian Augustus Pax Romana - Roman Peace Izydorczak

  16. Roman Emperor Constantine converts • Eventually all Roman citizens become Christians • Jesus = Savior/Messiah • Baptism • Monotheistic • Resurrection • Holly Trinity (Father, son, holy spirit) - Bible - Old Testament - New Testament - Golden Rule - Morality (right & wrong) - 10 Commandments - Dietary Laws (fasting, no meat on Friday) • Heaven • Spiritual Morality Roman Empire Pax Romana • - Jesus • 12 Apostles/ • Disciples • Priests/Bishops/Pope • Peter, Paul • Constantine Izydorczak

  17. Next Slide Izydorczak

  18. Political/Gov't Military Social Economic Izydorczak

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