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Geography of Ancient Greece

Geography of Ancient Greece. The Sea. Greece is a Peninsula surrounded by water Aegean Sea (to the East) Ionian Sea (to the West) Black Sea (to the North-West) Mediterranean Sea (to the South) Trade was imperative because Greece was not rich in natural resources. The Land.

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Geography of Ancient Greece

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  1. Geography of Ancient Greece

  2. The Sea • Greece is a Peninsula surrounded by water • Aegean Sea (to the East) • Ionian Sea (to the West) • Black Sea (to the North-West) • Mediterranean Sea (to the South) • Trade was imperative because Greece was not rich in natural resources.

  3. The Land • Mountains covered 75% of Greece • Mount Olympus (highest, home of Greek Gods) • Made for difficult travel, but good protection • Fertile Valleys covered 25% and made for the living areas known as city-states • Not enough fresh-water to feed a large population (only about 2 million people)

  4. The Climate • Moderate temperatures • Only rains in winter • Led to outdoor living • Agora (marketplace) • Gymnasium • Political meetings • Theatre • Religious ceremonies • Participation in city-states was a DUTY & a VIRTUE

  5. The Bronze Age Island Life Minoan Life Mainland Life Mycenaean Life Trojan War Circa 2000 BC- 1400 BC?

  6. Minoan Society • On Island of Crete (to the South) • From 2000-1400 BC • Lived a prosperous life from trade • Evidence that women shared social equality • Uncertain how the cause for the end of Minoan Civilization

  7. Mycenaean Society • Lived on Mainland of Greece • From 1600-1200 B.C. • Migrated from India, Egypt, and other lands • Walled-cities for protection • Enormous wealth from war/ • plunder & trade– even • indoor plumbing • Most were farmers

  8. Trojan War • Happened around 1200 B.C. • Trojan prince had taken Helen, wife of a Greek king. • Trojan Horse (myth or fact?)

  9. Dark Ages • Dorians • Homer • Arete • The Olympics • Religion/ Mythology

  10. Dorian Migration • Mycenaean Society was destroyed by invaders around 1200 B.C. • From 1150-750 B.C., distant relatives known as the Dorians settled there. • They destroyed trade and lost all writing (causing the term “Dark Ages”)

  11. Homer • The most famous “bard” during the Dark Ages.

  12. The Iliad

  13. The Odyssey

  14. Arete • To Strive for excellence, show courage, and win fame and honor • Homer used his Epics to portray the Greek ideal of Arete

  15. The Olympics • Competition took place in Olympia every four years, beginning in 776 B.C. • Lasted 5 days • Winners crowned with wreath of olive leaves • Real prize was Arete

  16. Mount Olympus

  17. Gods and Goddesses • Very human, with human emotions, but immortal • Gathered at Mount Olympus • MYTHS – stories about gods intended to explain mysteries of nature and human existence • Religion was closely linked to government and polis’ pride.

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