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Understanding Acid-Base Reactions: Neutralization and Equations

This guide provides an overview of acid-base reactions, focusing on the concepts of acids, bases, and neutralization. An acid increases the H+ concentration in aqueous solutions, while a base increases the OH- concentration. Neutralization occurs when acids and bases react to form a salt and water, exemplified by reactions like HCl with NaOH. The document includes examples of balanced chemical equations and calculations for volumes and concentrations required in neutralization reactions. Enhance your understanding of acid-base chemistry with practical examples.

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Understanding Acid-Base Reactions: Neutralization and Equations

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  1. Acid/Base Neurtalization

  2. Acid-Base Reactions • Acid – substance that increases the H+ concentration in aqueous solutions • HCl → H+ + Cl- • H2SO4→ H+ + HSO4- • HSO4→ H+ + SO42-

  3. Base • Increases the OH- concentration • NaOH → Na + OH- • NH3 + H2O → NH4+ + OH-

  4. Neutralization • Acids and bases react together to produce a salt (ionic compound) and water • HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O • Write a balanced equation for the reaction of hydrobromic acid, HBr, with barium hydroxide, Ba(OH)2.

  5. Example • Write the reaction that occurs when hydrochloric acid is mixed with silver hydroxide

  6. Write the balanced equation for the reaction between phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide.

  7. Examples • Aqueous acetic aceticacid is mixed with aqueous potassium hydroxide. Write the equation for the reaction.

  8. Example • What volume of a .100M HCl solution is needed to neutralize 25.0 ml of .350M NaOH?

  9. Example • In a reaction 28.0 ml of .250M HNO3 and 53.0 ml of .320M NaOH are mixed. Calculate the the amount of water formed.

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