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Cellular Respiration 1.18

Cellular Respiration 1.18. Quick Review Autotrophs produce glucose via photosynthesis How do consumers acquire glucose?. Cellular Respiration. http:// www.ehow.com/video_4984772_what-cellular-respiration.html. Cellular Respiration. Once the glucose is consumed, how can our cells use it?

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Cellular Respiration 1.18

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  1. Cellular Respiration 1.18 • Quick Review • Autotrophs produce glucose via photosynthesis • How do consumers acquire glucose?

  2. Cellular Respiration • http://www.ehow.com/video_4984772_what-cellular-respiration.html

  3. Cellular Respiration • Once the glucose is consumed, how can our cells use it? • CELLULAR RESPIRATION • Basically means converting our stored energy (glucose) into energy the cells can use. • *Conservation of Energy*

  4. What is this new form of Energy? • ATP • Adenosine Triphosphate • What are the two ways to create ATP?

  5. 1) Aerobic Respiration • “Aero” Greek root word for air; using oxygen. • If we intake enough oxygen, cellular respiration follows the aerobic pathway and leads to lots of ATP formation. • This is healthy and efficient!

  6. Aerobic Respiration • This pathway (with oxygen) has two stages. • First Stage: Glycolysis • Enzymes are used to break down one glucose molecule into two pyruvate molecules

  7. Aerobic Respiration Glucose  Glycolysis  Pyruvate C6H12O6  2C3H6O3 2ADP + 2Pi  2ATP • This process stores energy so it’s an endergonic reaction

  8. Aerobic Respiration • What happens next? • Well, the pyruvate then enters the mitochondria (powerhouse) • Exergonic reactions take place and release energy. • Remember oxygen is involved, so pyruvate is broken down into CO2 and H2O

  9. Aerobic Respiration • Congratulations, we’ve covered the concept of the Krebs’ Cycle! • Hans Krebs discovered these oxidative respiration reactions • On the next slide is the overall reaction for Oxidative Respiration

  10. Oxidative Respiration • Second Stage • This is when pyruvate is broken down into carbon dioxide and water (in mito.) Pyruvate + oxygen  O.R.  CO2 + H2O 2C3H6O3 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O 34 ADP + 34Pi  34 ATP

  11. Aerobic Respiration • Review C6H12O6 + 6O2glycolysis then O.R.  6CO2 + 6H2O 34 ADP + 34Pi  34 ATP • Note: the equations are chemically balanced. *Conservation of Mass*

  12. Aerobic Respiration • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DyrUbsyBjfQ • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TgJt4KgKQJI&feature=related • (mitochondria video) • Site of oxidative respiration

  13. 2) Anaerobic Respiration • “An”aero meaning lack of air • If there is not enough oxygen, cells can still produce ATP for energy • Just not as efficient… • Two other products can be formed.

  14. Ethanol Fermentation • First product occurs in plants (yeast) • Glucose broken into pyruvate by glycolysis • Pyruvate decarboxylase (enzyme) converts a CO2 into ethanol (alcohol). glycolysis Glucose2 pyruvate CO2 + 2 ethanol 2ADP  2ATP

  15. Ethanol Fermentation • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-nIDGG0sYcg&NR=1

  16. Application • Breads, pastries, wine and other alcoholic drinks use ethanol fermentation • CO2 gas is released, causes bubbles and rising of the ingredients.

  17. Lactate (lactic acid) Fermentation • Second type of product • Remember: Anaerobic respiration, so the muscle cells are using energy faster than we can supply oxygen. • Again glucose is broken into pyruvate via glycolysis.

  18. Lactate (lactic acid) Fermentation • Lactate dehydrogenase (Enzyme) converts the two pyruvates into two lactate molecules. glycolysis Glucose  2 pyruvate and 2 lactates 2ADP 2ATP • Lactate causes stiff muscles, we “pant” to get rid of the “oxygen debt”.

  19. Make the Connection… • Recall Photosynthesis • Think of the reactants and products for photosynthesis and cellular respiration… • Is there a connection? • Think Pair Share with someone close by, come up with one sentence to connect the two processes.

  20. Make the Connection…

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