Meiosis & Mitosis

1. Meiosis & Mitosis

2. How many daughter cells are formed in meiosis? • 1 • 2 • 4 • 8

3. After fertilization, the resulting zygote begins to divide by • Binary fission • Mitosis • Synapsis • Meiosis

4. Why is meiosis important for sexual reproduction? • To decrease the genetic variation in the daughter cells. • To produce daughter cells that are identical to the parent. • To produce daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent. • To increase the risk of genetic disorders in the daughter cells.

5. If a zygote has 4 chromosomes, the somatic cells formed from it have _______________ chromosomes. • 4 • 8 • 2 • 1

6. Unlike gametes, body cells are called • Somatic • Haploid • Sex cells

7. If a cell with 32 chromosomes divides by meiosis, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell contain? • 64 • 48 • 32 • 16

8. As shown below, somatic cells of mosquitoes have 3 pairs of homologous chromosomes. • Which of the following is a correctly formed gamete? A B C D

9. If a skin cell starts out with 24 Chromosome and undergoes mitosis, then how many will the daughter cells have? • 48 • 12 • 8 • 24

10. In Meiosis if the parent cells has 40 chromosomes, then how many will the daughter cells have? • 40 • 20 • 80 • 10

11. Somatic cells reproduce by ______________ , while sex cells reproduce by ______________ . • meiosis; mitosis • mitosis; mitosis • mitosis; meiosis • meiosis; meiosis

12. Which of the following statements is true in humans? • Mitosis produces cells that have a haploid number of chromosomes • Meiosis produces cells that have a diploid number of chromosomes • Meiosis produces cells that have a haploid number of chromosomes

13. Human gametes normally have _____ chromosomes • 23 • 26 • 46 • 48

14. Haploid cells can be seen in the field labeled….

15. Each of the two daughter cells that results from mitosis contains • The same number of chromosomes but has genes different from those of the parent cell. • The same number of chromosomes and has genes identical to those of the parent cell • One-half the number of chromosomes but has genes different from those of the parent cell • One-half the number of chromosomes and has genes identical to the parent cell.

16. A pig’s liver cell has 38 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will be present in the daughter cells after meiosis? • 14 • 19 • 23 • 38

17. What is this individual’s sex? Male – XY chromosomes

18. A diploid cell in a buffalo has 60 chromosomes. A sperm or egg cell in a buffalo can be expected to have • 20 chromosomes • 30 chromosomes • 60 chromosomes • 120chromosomes

19. The process of meiosis • begins with diploid cells and ends with diploid cells • begins with haploid cells and ends with diploid cells • begins with diploid cells and ends with haploid cells • begins with haploid cells and ends with haploid cells

20. Which of the following is true regarding a muscle cell and a nerve cell? • They are the same size • They have the same genetic information • They both have chloroplasts • One is haploid and one is diploid

21. A diploid cell contains two pairs of homologous chromosomes. Each pair is heterozygous for a pair of alleles, Aa and Bb respect. After meiosis, how many different combinations of these alleles could be produced in the haploid daughter cells? • 2 • 4 • 8 • 16 • 64

22. In a species of corn, the diploid number of chromosomes is 20. What would be the number of chromosomes found in each of the normal egg cells produced by this species? • 5 • 10 • 20 • 40

23. Which statement concerning both mitosis and meiosis is correct? • meiosis produces 4 haploid cells while mitosis produces 2 diploid cells • meiosis produces 4 diploid cells while mitosis produces 2 haploid cells. • Meiosis produces 2 diploid cells while mitosis produces 4 haploid cells • Meiosis produces 2 haploid cells while mitosis produces 4 diploid cells

24. Name the error in meiosis that caused this disorder Down Syndrome b/c There are 3 copies of Chromosome #21

25. The diagram below shows a cellular process that occurs in organisms. This process is known as • Mitosis • Meiosis • Fertilization • Photosynthesis

26. The diagram below shows homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis. Which of the following correctly describes the process being illustrated? • Mutation in which the DNA content of the gene is altered. • Segregation of sister chromatids • Condensation and segregation of alleles • Crossing over in which alleles are exchanged

28. Mendel arrived at the conclusion that the two elements affecting a particular trait are separated during gamete formation. This has since been confirmed by the discovery of • [A] eggs and sperm • [B] mitosis • [C] fertilization • [D] meiosis

29. Mendel concluded that genes for two or more different traits assort independently of one another at gamete formation. He reached this conclusion because none of the garden pea traits he studied were • [A] visible • [B] recessive • [C] codominant • [D] linked

30. Mendel’s second experiment with pea plants was a dihybrid cross in which he crossed two true breeding parents with contrasting forms for two traits. The F 1 hybrids all showed the dominant form for both traits. When the F 1 was self-pollinated, the F 2 offspring showed four phenotypes in the ratio of 9/16; 3/16; 3/16; 1/16. Which principle resulted from this experiment? • [A] recessive alleles • [B] dominance • [C] linkage • [D] independent assortment