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Cassava Starch Complex

Cassava Starch Complex. Public Presentation. Presented by Smart International Consulting. May 2013. 1. Cassava Plantation. Site location. Cassava Plantation 10,000 hectares. Agenda. Assumption Products to market Production forecast Infrastructure development

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Cassava Starch Complex

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  1. Cassava Starch Complex Public Presentation Presented by Smart International Consulting. May 2013.

  2. 1. Cassava Plantation

  3. Site location Cassava Plantation 10,000 hectares

  4. Agenda • Assumption • Products to market • Production forecast • Infrastructure development • Cassava Plantation Management • Cassava growing Tips • Farming Equipment • Cassava chip Production • Project Implementation Time Frame • Financial projection • Recommendation Bibliography

  5. 1. Assumption

  6. This business plan uses the following assumption: • The plantation uses the cassava variety “Malaysie” from Vietnam. The yield of this variety is between 25 to 30 MT/hectare. However, for this business plan, we use the average yield of 22 MT of fresh cassava root per season per hectare.For the contract farming, we use the average yield of 18 MT/hectare. • The purchase price of fresh cassava root from the farmers associations (contract farming) is 70 USD/MT. The current market price is between 50 to 70 USD/MT. Price for purchase at the field. • Dried peeled cassava chip are exported to oversea with the FOB price of 245 USD/MT. The current market price is between 240 and 280 USD/MT. • Dried cassava leaves are exported to oversea with the FOB price of 500 USD/MT. The current market price is between 500 and 800USD/MT. • The startup capital is 8 million USD (7.5 million USD in 2013 and 500,000 USD in 2014).

  7. 2. Products to Market

  8. Main revenue The main revenue will come from the sale of peeled cassava chip to oversea. The selling price of peeled cassava chip to oversea fluctuate between 240 USD to 280 USD per MT. Our business plan will use 245 USD/MT as the selling price.

  9. Workers dried cassava chips.It takes 1 week to dry the cassava chips.

  10. Additional revenues 1. Young Cassava leaves Cassava leaves contained a high level of crude protein (29.3-32.4% dry weight) compared to a conventional vegetable, Amaranthus (19.6%). On the international market, the price of dry cassava leaves is around 500 USD/MT. There are no domestic market for the dry cassava leaves. Therefore we can expect to get revenue from the cassava leaves only from the planting season 2 in 2015.

  11. 2. Fish grow in the pond We can grow fish in the pond. The fish production is estimated to 1 T to 5 T per day. The selling price of fish is 0.5 USD/T. We can use these fish to feed the staffs leaving on the plantation. 3. Pig farm Pilled cassava leaves can be used to feed pig. Pig farming can provides additional source of revenue. The pig dung could be use for the bio-digester. 4. Poultry farm A poultry farm will provide meat to staffs living on the plantation. Moreover, the poultry manure will be use for the plantation and the bio-digester.

  12. 3. Production forecast

  13. 4. Infrastructure development

  14. The infrastructure to develop are: • Forest clearance follow by the plantation land preparation • Water source • Route inside the plantation • Cassava chips storage house • Storage house for agriculture machineries • House for staffs living on the plantation • Electricity

  15. 4.1. Forest clearance follow by the plantation land preparation Forest clearance The forest clearance cost vary between 550 USD to 950 USD per hectare. This price depend on the tree to cut and the root to pull off by the excavator. For the business plan, we will use the maximum price of 950 USD per hectare. However, the total price for the land clearance will be less than 950 USD x 1,910 hectares. The tree cut can be sold to the buyers therefore this revenue will contribute to reduce the net cost of the forest clearance. The exact revenue need to be negotiate with the buyers base on the site visit prior to the forest clearance. Therefore, we assume that this sale revenue will contribute to reduce by 10% the land clearance cost.

  16. The average forest clearance capacity is 500 hectares per month. We budget 1,633,050 USD for the land clearance. Land plowing The land plowing cost between 60 to 70 USD per hectare. If we outsource the land plowing to external firm the total cost is 129,500 USD. If we do the land plowing with our tractors with our farming equipment and our seasonal workers the total cost is around 100,000 USD. Therefore this business plan will use the option, we do land plowing by ourselves.

  17. Land organization We will organize the land in 4 farms. The size of the farm number 1 to number 3 is 500 hectares while the size of the farm number 4 is 350 hectares. The total plantation land is 1,850 hectares. The remaining 65 hectares will be used for infrastructure. Each farm will have its own water sources (natural pond or well) and is divide into 5 plots of 100 hectares (except the farm number 4).

  18. Schedule – Direction from north to south

  19. 4.2. Water sources Main water source The north part of the land is affected by flooding therefore we will use this area as our main water source. The flooding area will be enclosed by a high clay soil wall of 3.5 to 5 m high. The Farm number 1 and 2 are located at the north of the land will use this water source directly. The cost for 1 KM high clay soil wall is estimate between 200,000 to 300,000 USD. Ponds Inside the farm number 3 and number 4, we will improve the existing pond to be able to keep the rainfall water for the need of the farm. The cost to rent an excavator is 15 USD/hour. We budget 500 USD for the ponds.

  20. Well At the processing site, Staffs and workers will need water. We plan to dig 2 wells. The cost for each well is 1,000 USD so we budget 2,000 USD for the wells. Natural pond

  21. Tubers below soil Cassava tubers need soft loamy soils; not wet but slightly humid, therefore below soil irrigation by tubers are the best option. We suggest to develop tubers below soil along the road in September or October 2014 after the rainfall season. Water from the main sources can irrigate the plantation along the road (axe north-south). We budget 50,000 USD for the tubers below soil. However this expense may be optional because depend on the first year harvest result, we will review in detail the irrigation system and find out how to improve the overall irrigation system:more small ponds, more wells, tubers below soil or mix of them.

  22. Tuber below the soil.

  23. 4.3. Route inside the plantation We need a route inside the plantation for trucks and the transportation of seasonal workers to the field. We plan one route north-south of the land. Our tractors can be used to make this route therefore we did not budget any expense for the internal route.

  24. 4.4. Cassava chips storage room We plan a 100 m x 50 m storage room. The storage room will be use for: • Packaging the dried cassava chip into a 50 KG bag • Keep the cassava bag until they are sold to traders. The dried cassava chip can be keep 3 months in the storage room.

  25. 4.5. Storage house for agriculture machineries We plan a 28 m x 12 m storage room to store agriculture machineries.

  26. 4.6. House for staffs livingin the plantation

  27. 4.7. Electricity Biodigester The National Biodigester Programme is a program developed by The Ministry of Agriculture in partnership with international and local partners. This program aims to provide biogas for cooking and electricity for people living in the rural area. Please visit www.nbp.org.kh for further information. We recommend the installation of 2 biodigesters size 15 m3 to generate biogas and electricity for the offices and houses in the plantation.

  28. The cost of a 15 m3 biogas digester is 15,000 USD. The total cost for 2 units is 30,000 USD. Biodigester under construction Constructed Biodigester

  29. During the harvest season We will use a diesel generator to produce electricity need for the cassava chips operation. The purchase cost for a diesel generator of 90 Kilowatt is 10,000 USD. The diesel generator will use 15 L Diesel per hour at the cost of 1.2 USD/L. The total expense on diesel is 95 days x 15 L x 8 hours x 1.2 USD = 13,680 USD. 90 Kilowatt diesel generator

  30. 5. Cassava Plantation management

  31. Row of cassava plants

  32. The cassava plantation is lead by a Senior Agronomist with at least 10 years professional experiences in the cassava cultivation. Each farm will be managed by a Farm Manager. The farm Manager will be responsible for the cassava plants inside his farm. The farm is divided into a plot of 100 hectares under the supervision of one plot supervisor and 3 assistants. Each farm have the following equipment: • 3 tractors • 6 motorbikes • 1 small truck of 1 Ton. The small truck can also be used to transport seasonal workers. The cost for the truck is 30,000 $. • Sprayers and agriculture tools.

  33. Head of the Plantation Senior Cassava Agronomist Farm Management Farm Managers • Administration and Accountant • - Officer • Logistic • Drivers • Guards • Mechanical Technicians • Cook and Cleaner Contract Farming Manager Plantation - Plot Supervisors - Assistants - Seasonal workers • Cassava chip Production • Seasonal workers Proposed organization chart

  34. Overall cost Cassava stalk for planting The Cassava stalk variety is from Vietnam. The expect yield is between 25 to 30 MT per hectare. 1 Hectare need 0.5 MT of cassava stalk at the cost of 150 USD. The total cost for the 1,850 hectares is 1,850 hectares x 0.5 MT x 150 USD = 138,750 USD. Note: we purchase the cassava stalk only for the first year, for the second year and after, we will set up a nursery to develop the cassava stalk for our plantation.

  35. Nutrition The cassava plants need 5 times nutrition per season. 1 time for the plant and leaves. One time cost is 25 USD/hectare. 2 times for the root. One time cost is 30 USD/hectare. Total 60 USD/hectare. 2 times for the cassava starch root. One time cost is 47.5 USD/hectare. Total cost per hectare is 95 USD/hectare. Total nutrition cost for 500 hectares is (25 USD + 30 USD + 95 USD) x 500 hectares = 90,000 USD. Fertilizer We need 1 KG fertilizer for 7 hectares. At the cost of 25 USD/Kg. A 500 hectares farm will spend 1,786 USD on fertilizer.

  36. For each farm of 500 hectares, we need seasonal workers 31 times during the whole planting season (9-10 months): 1 time for planting 1 time for fertilizer application 5 times for nutrition application 9 times for Disease prevention application 1 time for harvesting 14times for weeding and general maintenance The detail cost is in the Excel file, worksheet “Personnel”. Seasonal Workers

  37. 6. Cassava growing Tips

  38. Cassava Stem Multiplication Technology This technology is based on a production of 2-node cuttings developed by Philippine Root crop Research and Training center. The detail technology is in the reference material file “Rapid Mass propagation Techniques of Cassava Planting Materials for Nursery Establishment”. Cassava nursery The cassava nursery will help to develop high yield planting materials before transplanting to the field. The nursery will be set up for the planting season 2 in 2015.

  39. A cassava nursery with young cassava plants which will be later planted in the field.

  40. Intercropping Intercropping with particular reference to integrated soil fertility management and soil erosion control should be considered, in particular from the year 3 or year 4. Cassava intercrop well with high yielding varieties of sweet sorghum, maize and groundnut. Cropping pattern for cassava and groundnutCassava (spacing 1.00 x 0.80 m) one rows of cassava intercropped with one rows of groundnut. spacing 0.50 m between rows x 0.20 m between plant x 2 seeds)

  41. Usage of manure and compost Use of manure and compost before growing cassava is recommended for optimum cassava yields. The best results were obtained in terms of composted poultry manure (5 ton/hectare). Note: The nutritional value of unprocessed poultry manure deteriorates rapidly. Hence, the immediate processing of poultry manure to prevent its rapid decomposition and save its nutrient properties is, thus essential. Usage guide for fertilizer application

  42. Usage guide for nutrient application

  43. Nutrient

  44. Usage guide for pesticide application Use only when disease appear.

  45. Disease on cassava plant

  46. Tip for weeding Removing weeds from planting areas can increase yields of cassava dramatically. Best yields came with weedings at 4, 12 and 20 weeks after planting.

  47. 7. Farming Equipment

  48. Tractor 74 ph= 37, 000$ Tractor 110 ph= 53, 000$ For 500 hectares, we need 2 tractors 110ph, 3 tractors 74 ph

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