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Economic Issues in Managing Infectious Disease Risks

Economic Issues in Managing Infectious Disease Risks. John Lawrence, Maro Ibarburu and Jim Kliebenstein Economics Department Iowa State University. Production Impacts. Death Permanent Damage Uncompensated Growth Interruption Reduced Feed Efficiency. Production Impacts. Abortion

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Economic Issues in Managing Infectious Disease Risks

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  1. Economic Issues in Managing Infectious Disease Risks John Lawrence, Maro Ibarburu and Jim Kliebenstein Economics Department Iowa State University

  2. Production Impacts • Death • Permanent Damage • Uncompensated Growth Interruption • Reduced Feed Efficiency

  3. Production Impacts • Abortion • Reproductive Inefficiency • Decreased Animal Product Output • Increased Culling

  4. Cost of Disease • Mortality • Value, expenses, and disposal • Morbidity • Production, efficiency, cash flow • Revenue loss • Lower weight & value, condemn

  5. Cost of Disease • Prevention and/or treatment • Seedstock suppliers • Lost market • Reputation/goodwill • Industry impact • Export market, consumer confidence

  6. Budgeting Economic Impact of Disease • Reduced Revenue • Reduced Costs • Increased Costs

  7. Purchased Feeder Cattle Trenkel: Precondition effect Preconditional Not PC DOF 258 278 Pulls-treat 2% 47% Retreats 0% 25% Treat $/hd 1.48 6.13

  8. Purchased Feeder Cattle Faber, et al. 10 years of steer test data, 1988-1997, BRD effect Treated Non-treated Fatality .35% 5.9% Sale value 840 793 BRD treatment $0 $20.60 Profit $/hd $61 $3

  9. Impact of Disease on Market Cattle Growth A C D Weight B • As=Animal Sick • Ds=Days Sick • A=Normal growth • B=Compensating growth • C=Growth resumes but no compensating gain • D=Growth is impacted through days on feed. AS DS Age/days

  10. Economics • Evaluating trade-offs • Prevention v. treatment • Marginal analysis • What is the value of additional intervention versus its cost • Optimal is when they are equal

  11. Relationship of Treatment Level and Losses Control costs $ Losses • A=Allow disease to go to higher level and then treat • B=Keep incidence at medium level • C=Keep incidence at low level-treat often A B C Treatment Level

  12. Cost of Biosecurity • Investment • Facilities, equipment, space • Expenses • Testing, vaccination, limit choices • Management • Protocol, clean and disinfect, isolation, health records

  13. Issues in Disease Management Biosecurity • Economic Impact on the Herd/Operation • Impact on Management of Animal Flow or System • Need to have a focus on what the it causes as well as what causes it.

  14. Disease Management is site specific - Depends on: • Farm Type • Production Level • Investment • Disease Costs

  15. Disease Management is Dynamic • Disease management can vary from situation to situation.

  16. Issues in Disease Management Biosecurity • Cost of Prevention • Cost of Treatment • Prevention Effectiveness • Treatment Effectiveness • Probability of Getting Disease • Disease Contagiousness

  17. Can’t afford total prevention. It will bankrupt you.

  18. Evaluating Trade-offs Cost to Farm Treatment Effectiveness High Low High Low Treat Prevent Treat/Ignore Prevent/Ignore

  19. Evaluating Trade-offs Cost to Farm Probability of Disease High Low High Low Prevent Prevent/Treat Ignore Treat/Prevent

  20. Evaluating Trade-offs Cost to Farm Cost of Treatment High Low High Low Prevent Treat/Prevent Prevent/Treat Treat/Ignore

  21. Evaluating Trade-offs

  22. Summary • Economics of disease and biosecurity • Trade-offs • Marginal analysis • Site-specific disease-specific • Develop array of best management practices • Prevent, treat, live with it • Investment or expense

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