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Health Hazards

This module provides information on common health hazards and steps to avoid and control them. It explains OSHA's Hazard Communication Standard and the responsibilities of employers. It also covers topics such as container labeling, MSDS, and communication of hazard information to employees.

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Health Hazards

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  1. Health Hazards

  2. This material was produced under grant number SH-22248-11-61-F-54 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

  3. Objectives • After this module you should be able to • identify the most common health hazards • take the necessary steps to avoid and control those hazards

  4. Purpose of OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard To ensure that employers and employees know about work hazards and how to protect themselves so that the incidence of illnesses and injuries due to hazardous chemicals is reduced. Hazard Communication Program Container Labeling Material Safety Data Sheet MSDS Program Label

  5. Identify and list hazardous chemicals in their workplaces Obtain Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) and labels for each hazardous chemical, if not provided by the manufacturer, importer, or distributor Implement a written HazCom program, including labels, MSDSs, and employee training Communicate hazard information to employees through labels, MSDSs, and formal training programs Employer Responsibilities

  6. National Fire Protection Association The higher the number (max is 4), the greater the hazard. Check the MSDS. NFPA Label

  7. Must be in English and include information regarding the specific chemical identity and common names Must be readily accessible to employees in their work area Prepared by the chemical manufacturer or importer and describe: Physical hazards, such as fire and explosion Health hazards, such as signs of exposure Routes of exposure Precautions for safe handling and use Emergency and first-aid procedures Control measures Identification (name, address, and telephone number) of the organization responsible for preparing the sheet Material Safety Data Sheets

  8. Applying Pesticides Read the chemical label and MSDS to know what precautions to take when using the chemical. Use PPE recommended by chemical manufacturer. Launder clothing after handling pesticides. Wash exposed body parts often to reduce dermal exposure.

  9. Warning: Silica Exposure from Cutting Concrete Use a substitute for silica Use engineering controls to reduce exposure Improve work practices Use personal protective equipment

  10. Dust and Mold Exposure Identify possible dust and mold at the work site and limit exposure Move work outside whenever possible Ventilate dusty areas Use mechanical controls to remove dust and mold from the air Wear a particulate respirator or dust mask as a last resort

  11. Know signs/symptoms of heat-related illnesses. Block out direct sun or other heat sources. Use cooling fans/air-conditioning. Drink lots of water; about 1 cup every 15 minutes. Wear lightweight, light colored, loose-fitting clothes. Avoid alcohol, caffeinated drinks, or heavy meals. Rest periodically in a cool area. Preventing Heat Related Illness

  12. Activity: MSDS Sheet Exercise • Distribution of MSDS Sheet. • Distribution and explanation of exercise. • Small group activity. • Report back.

  13. Check Your Knowledge • OSHA’s regulation on hazard communication says that: • Only certain chemicals can be used. • Only chemicals that are used in large quantities need to be evaluated for their hazards. • All chemicals must be evaluated for their hazards, and all information relating to these hazards must be made available to workers. • Only chemical engineers can be allowed to handle large quantities of chemicals.

  14. Check Your Knowledge 2. Where can you look to find the hazards of a particular chemical? • NFPA label • Material Safety Data Sheets • Chemical label • All of the above

  15. Check Your Knowledge 3. What is the recommended water intake to help prevent heat related illness? • 1 cup every hour. • 1 cup every 15 minutes. • 1 cup before lunch and another after. • 1 cup every 5 minutes.

  16. http://www.osha.gov/Publications/silicosis.pdf http://www.epa.gov/oppt/labeling/rtlf/garden.pdf http://www.cdc.gov/nasd/docs/d000701-d000800/d000734/d000734.html http://www.epa.gov/oppfead1/Publications/lawncare.pdf http://www.osha.gov/Publications/mold.pdf http://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurricane_Facts/mold_fact.pdf Additional Information

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